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B.Sc. II

Semester III

ANGIOSPERM SYSTEMATICS, ANATOMY & EMBRYOLOGY

UNIT III: Angiosperm Systematics

3.1 Systematic studies & economic importance of following Families:

Dicotyledons (Gamopetalae): Asteraceae, Asclepiadaceae, Apocynaceae, Solanaceae, Verbenaceae, Lamiaceae.

3.2 Dicotyledons (Monoclamydeae): Euphorbiaceae.

3.3 Monocotyledons: Liliaceae, Poaceae.

UNIT IV: Anatomy

4.1 Types of Tissues:

Meristematic: Types of meristems

Permanent: Simple and Complex.

4.2 Characteristics of growth rings, Sapwood and heartwood.

4.3 Anatomy of root: Primary structure in dicot and monocot root, normal secondary growth in dicot root.

Semester IV

CELL BIOLOGY, GENETICS AND BIOCHEMISTRY

Unit V: Genetics

5.1 Linkage: Concept, Types and theories.

5.2 Crossing over: Concept, Types and theories.

5.3 Gene mutations- Spontaneous and Induced.

5.4 Extra-nuclear Genome: Mitchondrial DNA and Chloroplast DNA.

Unit VI: Biochemistry

6.1 Nomenclature of Enzymes

6.2 Characteristics of Enzymes

6.3 Concept of holoenzymes, coenzymes and cofactors

6.4 Theories for Mechanism of action of Enzymes

6.5 Structure and functions Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides (Glucose), Disaccharides (Galactose) and Polysaccharides (Starch)