Estimation of carbon emissions
This chrome extension tells you carbon emissions of each product on Amazon
Outside of online shopping, household and small business emissions can be estimated here
Recommended rate of carbon price
Some countries already have carbon tax. Those countries are using various rates from less than one USD to over 150 USD
per metric ton of CO2 equivalent in 2024. [Source: Statista]
Theoretically, social cost of carbon (To be precise, the difference from the private cost which is almost zero) should be used for carbon price. I will provide a summary of academic references for social cost of carbon estimates.