A Lift is any mechanism designed to move in order to perform tasks and/or lift objects. In competition robotics, there are three basic types of Lifting Mechanisms: Rotating Joints, Elevators, and Linkages. To learn more, go to the VEX IQ Curriculum page for Lifting Mechanisms.
Rotating joints are the simplest lifting mechanism to design and build. It usually has a single arm connected to gears that rotate between two structures we usually refer to as towers. A rotating joint is often used for simple tasks like pushing or lifting small distances. One problem with a rotating joint is that when a game field element is picked up, the angle of the a claw that picks up a game field element changes in relationship to the field.
Elevators are less common than rotating joints due to the amount of friction created with the upward motion. The plastic gears may end up skipping if they are not perfectly meshed and held together. The linear motion of an elevator lift can be created using a rack and pinion or a chain drive. Both are somewhat challenging to achieve, but the advantage is that a claw that picks up a game field element will not change angles when mounted to this type of lift. The claw will remain parallel to the ground.
Linkages consist of a series of rigid beams called links, connected together by joints.
The simplest linkage is a four-bar lift. To increase the height or reach of the lift, more bars can be added to make a 6-bar lift or 8-bar lift. The number of beams are counted to determine the type of lift. To the right you will find a 4-bar lift because the 4 beams are used to create a rectangle.
Other more advanced linkage lifts include a scissor lift and a double reverse 4-bar lift.