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Conduction is the process of heat being transferred through an object from one end to the other, going from the hotter end to the colder end. This form of heat propagation is through a temperature gradient.
Temperature Gradient
Temperature Gradient
On a temperature gradient, the hotter side will have less electrons and the colder side will have many more where they are densely packed.
The Physics of Thermal Conduction
The Physics of Thermal Conduction
Particles of an object contain kinetic energy. In most cases the higher the temperature the higher the kinetic energy. The way thermal conduction works is through a transfer of this kinetic energy. When the particles with higher kinetic energy bump into particles with lower kinetic energy, the lower one's energy increases because the (hot) particle was moving faster and after a collision, it made the slower particle speed up. As the particles continue to collide, the heat is transferred.
Thermal Conduction in Action
Thermal Conduction in Action
Conduction is measured by thermal conductivity, different materials are more conductive than others. Its conductivity makes them more or less useful in certain situations.
COPPER
COPPER
Highly thermally conductive
Used in things such as refrigerators, air conditioning units and pans
Because of its high thermal conductivity, it is used to help dissipate or transfer heat efficiently
WOOD
WOOD
Low thermal conductivity
Used in wooden spoons to help protect users' hands from burns
Because of its low thermal conductivity, it is used to block or slow heat from transferring
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