The M249 is a gas-operated, belt or magazine-fed, air-cooled, fully automatic weapon that fires from the open-bolt position. The M249 has a maximum rate of fire of 850 rounds per minute. Primarily, ammunition feeds into the weapon from a 200-round ammunition box containing a disintegrating, metallic split-link belt. As an emergency means of feeding, the M249 can use an M16-series rifle or an M4-series carbine magazine, but doing so increases the chances of malfunctions. The gunner can fire the M249 from the shoulder, with a bipod or tripod, or on a machine gun mount. The weapon system has a standardized mounting surface for various optics, pointers, illuminators, and equipment to secure items with common mounting and adjustment hardware.
TC 3-22.249 is comprised of nine chapters and six appendices and is specifically tailored to the individual Soldier’s use of the M249 light machine gun. TC 3-22.249 provides specific information about the weapon, aiming devices, and attachments, followed by sequential chapters on the tactical employment of the weapon system.
This TC is organized in a progressive manner; each chapter or appendix builds upon the information from the previous section. The organization of this training circular provides a logical sequence of information which directly supports the Army’s training strategy for the weapon at the individual level.
Chapters 1 through 4 describe the weapon, aiming devices, mountable equipment, and accessories associated with the machine gun. General information is provided in the chapters of the manual with more advanced information placed in appendix A, Ammunition, and appendix B, Ballistics.
Chapters 5 through 9 provide employment, stability, aiming, control, and movement information. This portion focuses on the Soldier skills needed to produce well-aimed bursts. Advanced engagement concepts are provided in appendix C of this publication. Appendix D of this publication provides common tactical drills used in training and combat to directly support tactical engagements. Finally, appendix E of this publication provides a common location for reference in this and future weapons publications.