Modal verbs are used to express functions such as:PermissionAbilityObligationProhibitionLack of necessityAdvicepossibilityprobabilityExamples of modal verbsHere is a list of modals with examples:
Multiple modals are instances of more than one modal occurring in a single sentence. (Modals are words like can, might, and should that appear before verbs and express properties like possibility, permission, ability, and obligation). Multiple modals are used in many varieties of English in the Southern United States, as exemplified in the following examples that Di Paolo (1989) includes from Texas's Dawson County and Rusk County:
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Multiple modals are widely attested in South Midland and Southern American varieties of English. Examples in the Linguistic Atlas of the Middle and South Atlantic States and the Linguistic Atlas of the Gulf States were collected in areas that span from Florida to West Texas, and (going north) to southern Pennsylvania and New Jersey. Scholars have examined them in more detail in varieties spoken in Alabama (Feagin 1979), North Carolina and South Carolina (Butters 1973, Coleman 1975, Mishoe and Montgomery 1994), Tennessee (Brandstetter 2003, Hasty 2011), Texas (Pampell 1975, Di Paolo et al. 1979, Boertien 1986, Di Paolo 1986, Di Paolo 1989), and West Virginia (Wolfram and Christian 1976). Labov et al. (1968) noticed some multiple modals in African American speakers in New York City, and Di Paolo (1989) in speakers in Utah. Though multiple modals are common across a wide geographical area and are not stigmatized, the literature reports great discrepancies among speakers in the rate in which they use them.
Multiple modals may contain true modals (can, could, may, might, must, ought to, should, will, and would) as well as quasimodals (better, need to, supposed to, and used to) (Di Paolo 1989). However, not all possible combinations of these modals and quasimodals are observed. See Di Paolo (1989, p. 197), Mishoe and Montgomery (1994, p. 9), and Feagin (1979, p. 157) for lists of the multiple modals that the authors observed in Texas, North and South Carolina, and Alabama, respectively.
Multiple modals most commonly have might or may as their first modal (Di Paolo 1989), though this is not always the case; examples like could might have been observed with might or may second, and other examples like should oughta contain neither might nor may. The most prevalent multiple modals are might could, might can, and might would (Mishoe and Montgomery 1994).
It is possible for multiple modals to contain more than two modals (hence our usage of the name multiple modals rather than the term double modals that many sources use). The following examples from Mishoe and Montgomery (1994) illustrate three instances of triple modals:
However, Di Paolo (1989) notes that, in her data, different combinations of modals seem to allow different possibilities for the placement of the negative marker: with might could and might oughta, the negative marker is more often found immediately after might than after the second modal; by contrast, with might should and might would it is more often found immediately after should or would, respectively.
Multiple modals have been used on both scripted and late-night television. The line "Tyrone might could tell you where he's at" was included in season 1, episode 4 of `True Detective', and season 4, episode 2 of `Breaking Bad' included the line "Either way you're gonna wanna practice your draw. A lot. 'Cause if you're all fingers, well it might could be him keeping a piece instead of you, catch my drift?" On a 2012 episode of the Daily Show, then-Senator for South Carolina Jim DeMint said "Let's at least talk about what might could be made better about the private sector, about local communities, about states and keep in Washington what we have to do."
Please cite this page as: Huang, Nick. 2011. Multiple modals. Yale Grammatical Diversity Project: English in North America. (Available online at -modals. Accessed on YYYY-MM-DD). Updated by Tom McCoy (2015) and Katie Martin (2018).
The relation between grammar and early modern drama is overdue for renewed analysis. To illustrate my point, the particular grammatical form I wish to focus on in this article is the Early Modern English modal auxiliary verb and the extraordinary work it does in articulating potential action in the new drama of the late sixteenth century, especially as that work is evidenced in such early Shakespeare plays as Titus Andronicus and Richard III. The 'close encounters' will be with dramatic exchanges taking shape around 'a play of modals', dialogic interactions highlighting and making theatrical meaning out of what might seem inconsequential linguistic detail - modality and its expression in modal auxiliary verbs. A long-standing semantic category for what becomes grammaticalized in languages in various ways, definition of modality is vexed and contested: I understand it here as concerned with the speaker's assessment of, or an agent's orientation to, the possible truth of a proposition or the potentiality of a state of affairs. By the 1590s, during a period of particularly rapid linguistic change in Early Modern English, a group of modal verbs including 'may', 'must', 'can', 'will', and 'shall' had become differentiated in syntactic form from the full lexical verbs they derived from in Old English, losing their non-finite forms, no longer taking non-verbal objects, and generally followed by infinitives without a to-link. They were also undergoing semantic and pragmatic changes that resulted, as we shall see, in a system with a curiously double register of meanings for auxiliary verbs like 'must' and 'may'. Modern-day linguists brought this double register into focus when they distinguished between epistemic modality, concerned with gradations of knowledge or belief about the truth of propositions, and deontic modality, concerned with duty, obligation and permission.
This week we are going to show you how to give advice using modal verbs. Modal verbs (called modals for short) are auxiliary verbs that express a speaker's attitude and the strength of that attitude. For example, "He should visit Prague."
Should, ought to, and had better can be difficult for English learners to hear. Native speakers often shorten these words in casual conversation. In rapid speech, modals seem to disappear because they are shortened and often fall on unstressed syllables.
That's all the advice we have for you today. There is much more to learn about modals. We will cover them in more detail in future episodes. Until then, you should practice modals with British punk band, The Clash.
A small group of auxiliary verbs, called the modal verbs (or modal auxiliary verbs, modal auxiliaries, or simply modals) are only used in combination with ordinary verbs. A modal verb changes the other verb's meaning to something different from simple fact. Modals may express permission, ability, prediction, possibility, or necessity.
Knowing how to use modals of permission correctly can help you to create the right impression and show respect for other cultures. In this reference, we will look at what modals of permission are, why they are important, how to use them correctly, and examples of how to express permission in different contexts.
Modals of permission are used in English to ask for permission or to express permission meaning. Examples of modals of permission include the following: can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, and will.
One common mistake when using modals of permission is using the wrong modal for the situation. For example, using "will" when asking for permission to do something now, or using "can" when asking for permission to do something in the future.
Modal verbs are a kind of helping verb. They are used to say how we think or feel about an action. By using modals, we can say what we think is going to happen, how sure we are that it is going to happen, and how we feel about it happening. By looking at the list of modals below, you can see that each one has a slightly different meaning and usage.
As the table shows, modals may have several meanings, and the same meaning can be expressed by different modals (e.g., may and can both express permission). Although generally modals with the same meaning can be used interchangeably, they express a slightly different degree of their meaning. As an example, the modals below are ranked according to the degree of certainty/probability:
Politeness in emails: Certain modals add politeness to speech or writing. This is especially important for writing emails to professors or colleagues since writers do not want to appear demanding or pushy. Using modals such as might, may, could, can, and would can help addressees perceive writers as friendly and polite.
As you watch the video, look at the examples of modals of deduction. They are in red in the subtitles. Then read the conversation below to learn more. Finally, do the grammar exercises to check you understand, and can use, modals of deduction correctly.
Her teaching method focuses not on grammar and vocabulary but on uncovering and breaking your harmful communication patterns and developing new, more effective habits that will boost your confidence and help you become your confident self while communicating in English at work.
This is the first course in the Learn English: Intermediate Grammar specialization. In this course, you will learn about important intermediate verb tenses, including present perfect, present perfect progressive, past perfect, and past perfect progressive. You will also learn about common modal verbs used in English. This course is designed for learners who have a basic understanding of English grammar but who want to learn more and improve their skills for everyday speaking or writing, as well as for academics. It will be a fun class with lots of entertaining and informative video lectures. 2351a5e196