B13 Reproduction

Sexual vs Asexual reproduction

Recall that there are two types of reproduction (Grade 4)
Compare the main differences between asexual and sexual reproduction (Grade 6)
Explain how the type of reproduction affects variety in the offspring (Grade 8)

Interactive explore

Compare the two ways for organisms to pass on their genetic information to their offsprings.

Asexual reproduction

Learn about the features of asexual reproduction.

Explore further

Compare and contrast asexual reproduction with sexual reproduction

Comparing mitosis to meiosis

Describe how cells divide by meiosis to form gametes (Grade 4)
Explain how meiosis halves the number of chromosomes in gametes and fertilisation restores the full number (Grade 6)
Compare the processes in sexual reproduction that give rise to variation (Grade 8)

Meiosis vs Mitosis

Learn about the differences between meiosis and mitosis.

Stages of meiosis

Learn about the stages of meiosis in detail.

Side by side

Additional information - alternative video

A level https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bRcjB11hDCU
Side by side comparison https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_IzfJSxa-uA

The best of both - sexual vs asexual (Bio only)

Malaria life cycle

This animation to provide a quick introduction to the complex lifecycle of the malaria parasite. The narration is by Dr. Joe Cohen, co-inventor of the RTS,S malaria vaccine candidate.

Aphid cloning

BBC video clip (4 mins) - Battle of the sexes. In easy times, female aphids choose to clone themselves rather than mate.

Lesbian lizards

BBC video clip (2 mins) - Battle of the sexes. Every individual in this whip-tailed lizard population is female - genetically the same female. They don’t want their good genes diluted by the involvement of males.

Cloning 101 https://dnalc.cshl.edu/resources/animations/cloning101-video.html

DNA and the genome

Recall that DNA is the material of inheritance (Grade 4)
Describe what a genome is (Grade 6)
Explain applications for genetics (Grade 8)

Genes & chromosomes

Learn about the link between DNA, genes and chromosomes.

The human genome project

In 1990, The Human Genome Project proposed to sequence the entire human genome over 15 years with $3 billion of public funds. Then, seven years before its scheduled completion, a private company called Celera announced that they could accomplish the same goal in just three years at a fraction of the cost. Tien Nguyen details the history of this race to sequence the human genome.

Personal stories

This video features personal accounts from key US and UK scientists involved in the Human Genome Project between 1990 and 2003.

Protein synthesis - From DNA to protein (Bio only)

Recall the base paired structure of DNA (Grade 4)
Explain steps in the process of protein synthesis (Grade 6)
Link the mutations in the DNA code to the proteins made (Grade 8)

DNA structure

Learn about the structure of DNA and how to recognise all the parts.

Why do fireflies glow?

Walkthrough protein synthesis with animate example.

From DNA to protein

This 3D animation shows how proteins are made in the cell from the information in the DNA code.

Interactive

Transcribe and translate a gene.

Mutation

Short introduction video.

The outcomes of mutation

Explore further - Mutation is a process that changes a DNA sequence. But how does a difference in a gene’s DNA sequence (or genotype) lead to a difference in an observable trait (or phenotype)?

Interactive - Types of proteins
Video tutorial - FreeScienceLessons Protein synthesis
Further reading - How do cells read genes?
Step by step animation - https://www.abpischools.org.uk/topic/genes-and-inheritance/2

Inheritance

Short introduction video - What is inheritance?

Alleles

Learn about Gregor Mendel, his seminal experiments and the basic foundations of genetics.

Traits

Read about observable human characteristics and watch video - What are traits?

Further readings - What are dominant and recessive alleles?

Turners syndrome https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/turner.html?WT.ac=p-ra

Genetic diagram for tongue rolling https://www.abpischools.org.uk/public/html5/71-tongue-rolling/story_html5.html

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