University Homes Construction

Dedication of University Homes held in the Horse Shoe Court on Larkin Street, May 1, 1937. Photograph UNIV 2019.0008b, Atlanta Housing Archives

Construction for University Homes began September 1934 and was completed in 1937 by the U.S. Public Works Administration. The site chosen for the University Homes project was located east of Atlanta University on a 19 acre tract of land. Its boundaries were Parsons Street on the north; Elm, Maher, and Dora Streets on the east; Greensferry Avenue on the South; and Lawshe Street on the west. The land was at one time owned by Atlanta pioneer and Reverend Lewis Lawshe for whom Lawshe street was named and a Judge Collier.

Initially designated as part of Henry County before becoming Dekalb County (1822) and after further reconstruction, Fulton County (1853), the site was part of the Creek Indian Territories ceded to the U.S. government. It was parceled off under Georgia's system of land lotteries to settlers for a grant fee of approximately $10.00. While the 1880 census indicates both black and white neighbors lived on the land, in 1922 racial zoning became legally enforced. Lots in this area were accordingly subdivided and the white population moved away.

University Homes construction progress, November 14, 1936. Photograph UNIV 2013.01698. Atlanta Housing Archives

Edwards & Sayward, an architectural firm with an excellent reputation in Atlanta, was awarded the contract to construct University Homes. Edwards & Sayward were known for their undertaking of several prominent Atlanta vicinity projects including the Columbia Theological Seminary and the library at Agnes Scott College in Decatur as well as many commercial and public buildings, schools, and churches. Construction for University Homes was completed in 1937 by the U.S. Public Works Administration.

On March 5, 1937, First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt paid a visit to University Homes. She expressed herself as well satisfied with Atlanta's experiment of better housing, but pointed out that "the average Negro workman could not pay the present rent rate." By its opening in 1937, University Homes apartments rented for $2.65 to $4.00 per week with a $1.50 utilities charge. Monthly wages for University Homes tenants ranged from between $8.00-$30.00 per week.

University Homes, Summer of 1978. Photograph UNIV 2019.00009b. Atlanta Housing Archives

The TAB records that on April 15, 1937, the first tenants moved into their new home, Mr. Oscar Banks, a retired railroad employee with his family. The TAB records Mayor Hartsfield presided over the dedication day ceremonies on Larkin street.

Once completed, University Homes consisted of 42 buildings with a separate entry and small plot of land for each apartment. University Homes apartments featured hot and cold running water, electricity, steam heat, closet and storage space, and modern kitchen appliances. University Homes' two-story brick buildings were designed utilizing the International Style to be sturdy, with minimal decoration, using optimum square footage with provisions for adequate light, fresh air, and open space between buildings. In addition to the residences, University Homes included a library, nursery schools and play centers, medical and dental facilities, seven laundry rooms, parks and interior courts.

Artifact UNIV 2019.00110. Atlanta Housing Archives.

"Cut Nails" from University Homes

These nails were original to University Homes and used in the trim. If you look closely, you can see that some blue paint still remains on the nail heads, which was the color of the trim. "Cut nails" also sometimes called "square nails" were made during the 19th century, sheared by machine from steel plate, producing a wedge shaped nail.


Donated by Edmond Desimone to the Archives on 10/3/2019. Desimone worked as a consultant for AH and in construction for many years.

University Homes, official inspection, circa 1937. Photograph UNIV 2013.00372, Public Works Administration, Atlanta Housing Archives


University Homes, official inspection, circa 1937. Photograph UNIV 2013.00412, Public Works Administration, Atlanta Housing Archives