Linux vs Windows

Beware, the MICROSOFT WINDOWS shell will often need slightly different commands than the LINUX shell.

Basic

pwd

print working directory

mkdir

make directory, e.g. mkdir temp

mkdir -p 

create a path with more directories, e.g. mkdir -p temp/stuff/more

cd

change directory 

cd ~

brings you home

cd ..

brings you back

cd ../../

brings you back three steps

ls

list directory

ls -l

gives you the list in the long format

ls -lR

gives you more detailed information about the paths, long and recursiv i.e with subdirectories

rmdir

remove directory, you can only remove empty directories

cp

copy a file or directory, e.g cp original.txt copy.txt, cp original.txt new_directory/

cp -R

copies to a new directory, recursively i.e with subdirectories.

mv

move a file or directory, i.e. renaming a file or directory

less

page through a file, use more in Windows

man

read a manual page, use help in Windows

apropos

find help on the  manual page, that is  appropriate, use helpctr in Windows

exit

exit the shell 

Advanced

hostname

my computer’s network name

pushd

push directory, allows you to currently change the director

popd

pop directory, brings you back from a directory entered with pushd

cat

concatenate i.e. verkette, print the whole file, use type in Windows

xargs

execute arguments

find

find files

grep

global regular expression print, find things inside a file, use select-string in Windows

env

look at your environment

echo

print some arguements

export

export/set a new environment variable, use set in Windows

sudo

super user do, !Danger! ,become super user root, use runas in Windows

touch

creates an empty file, use new-item in Windows

chmod

change mode flags in the file system

chown

change owner in the file system

source

executes viz starts a file, e.g. source activate, source direcory/programm/start

Never do

rm -rf 

remove!, recursive, and force without warning, !Danger!, this will kill your computer, don’t enter this command

Conda

conda activate my_name

e.g.

conda activate py_vault

conda deactivate

GitHub

see here

Further Help

• Bash Reference Manual