BASIC JAPANESE USED IN THE DOJO:

Gi – uniform

Obi – belt

Hakama - wide japanese trousers

Rei - Bow

To Rei - Bow to sword

Kamiza - High seat – the shrine to the past masters 

Sensei – Teacher

Seiza - kneeling

Mocuso - Meditate

Yoi -   Ready

Hajime - Start

Yame - Stop

Domo Arigato - thank you (formal)

Jodan - upper level

Chudan - middle level

Gedan - lower level

Taisabaki - body movement repositioning for example stepping around or to the side

Maai - Distancing for engagement (actual meaning is ‘interval’) (sounds like ‘myy’) 

Karate Do – empty hand way

Tsuki or Zuki – punch

Uchi - strike

Uke – block

Geri – kick

Migi – right

Hidari – left

Mae - front

Ura - back

Ushiro – rear, behind

Mawatte – turn to face opposite direction

Tachi / Dachi – stance, standing

Kihon - basics

Kata -    prearranged patterns of movement and techniques

Kumite – pre-arranged sparring sequences and free sparring

Go-no-sen - block then counter (the first of the three methods of timing)

Sen-no-sen - act as the opponent physically moves (second method of timing)

Ki-no-sen (also known as sen sen-no sen) - act at the moment the opponent decides to move but before any physical movement is seen – appears as ‘taking the initiative’ (third method of timing)

Gedan Barai – lower-level block

Uchi ude uke – inside middle level block (uchi uke / ude uke)

Soto uke – outside middle level block

Age uke – upper-level block

Oi zuki – lunge punch (same hand and leg)

Gyaku zuki – reverse punch (opposite hand to leg)

Shuto uchi – knife hand strike

Shuto uke – knife hand block

Nukite – spear hand

Tettsui – ‘iron fist’ side strike

Uraken – back fist strike

Empi uchi – elbow strike

Te sho – palm heel strike

Mae geri – front kick

Yoko geri – side kick

Mawashi geri – roundhouse kick

Mikazuki geri – crescent kick

Hiza geri – knee strike

Kin geri – groin kick

Fumi komi – stamping kick

Ushiro geri – back kick

Ashi barai – foot sweep

Morote uke – assisted block

Maete zuki – front hand jab punch (sounds like moita zuki)

Kizami zuki – front hand cross punch

Heisoku dachi – feet together attention stance

Masubi dachi – feet in V shape attention stance (to bow from)

Yoi dachi – ready stance (Heiko dachi position)

Zenkutsu dachi – front stance (front leg bent back leg straight, weight 60% front 40% rear)

Kokutsu dachi – rear stance (front leg almost straight, back leg bent, weight 30% front, 70% rear)

Kiba dachi – horse riding stance (both legs bent feet facing forward, weight 50% each leg)

Fudo dachi – ‘fighting’ stance (like zenkutsu dachi but with both legs bent ready to move into action – means ‘immovable’)

Iaido - the way of truth in harmony (drawing the sword)

Bokken - wooden sword

Iaito - training katana (not sharp)

Shinken - sharp katana

Wakizashi - short sword

Tanto - dagger 

Kamae - positions

Jodan kamae - upper position

Chudan kamae - middle position

Gedan kamae - lower position

Hasso kamae - sword vertical left hand at chin level

Waki kamae - hidden position sword downwards to side behind leg

Nukitsuki - drawing cut

Kiriotoshi - downwards vertical cut (also called Kiritsuki or Kirioroshi)

Kesagiri - downwards diagonal cut (shoulder to hip/shoulder to knee)

Joho giri - upwards diagonal cut

Uchimongi giri - horizontal cut

Uke Nagashi - Parry deflect

Chiburi - removing blood from the blade

Noto - re-sheathing the sword

Saya - scabbard

Sageo - cord 

Tsuba - hand guard on the sword

Tsuka - hand grip of sword

Ha - cutting edge of sword

Mune - back edge of sword

Kissaki - tip of sword

Mono -uchi - cutting part of blade 

Bohi / Hi - blood groove along blade

Koiguchi - mouth of scabbard

Kurikata - where sageo is attached to saya

Happo giri - Eight directional cutting

Tsuki No Kudankai - Nine phases of the moon cutting

Tsuki No Judankai - Ten phases of the moon cutting

Tameshigiri - test cutting with live sword

Zanshin - state of alertness

Budo - way of war

Bushido - way of the warrior

Mushin - mind of no mind

Ukemi - breakfalls

Kuzushi - balance breaking

Tsukuri - body positioning

Kake - execution of technique

Kumikata - grip

Nage waza - throwing techniques

O Soto Gari - major outside reap

O Goshi - major hip throw

Harai Goshi - Hip Sweep

Ippon Seio Nage - One arm shoulder throw

Kube Nage - Neck throw

Uchi Mata - Inner thigh reap

Seoi otoshi - shoulder drop

Sode Tsuri Komi Goshi – Sleeve lift pull hip throw

Harai Tsuri Komi Ashi – Sweeping lift pull

Kuchiki Taioshi - Pushing rotten tree  (leg grab throw)

Hiki Komi Gaeshi – Pulling in throw

Kansetsu waza -  Locking techniques

Ude Garami – Bent arm lock (figure 4)

Ude Hishigi Ashi Gatame – Leg arm bar

Ude Hishigi Hara Gatame – Stomach arm bar

Ude Hishigi Hiza Gatame – Knee arm bar

Ude Hishigi Juji Gatame – Cross arm bar

Ude  Hishigi Te Gatame - Back hammer lock

Ashi Garami – Leg lock

Maki Higi Nage – wrap around elbow lock

Do Jime – Body crush

Shime waza – Choke techniques

Hadaka Jime – Rear Naked Choke

Nami Juji Jime – Cross Choke

Gyaku Juji Jime – Reverse cross Choke

Kata Ha Jime – Single wing Choke

Okuri Eri Jime – Sliding lapel Choke

Kata Te Jime – Single hand Choke 

Kote Waza  – Wrist Techniques

Kote  Gaeshi - Wrist Reversal

Kama Kubi - Gooseneck

Ikkyo  - First technique

Nikkyo - Second technique

Sankyo  - Third technique

Yonkyo  - 4th technique 

Ichi – one, Ni – two, San – three, Shi  (or Yon)– four, Go – five, Roku – six, Shichi – seven, Hachi – eight, Ku – nine, Ju – ten

Kyu  (Mudansha) – grades before black belt

Dan  (Yudansha) – black belt grades