• SPAZIOETICO - Introduzione ai dilemmi morali: https://spazioetico.com/2020/10/08/la-formazione-con-i-dilemmi-etici/ (focus su ambito professionale)

• PRO/VERSI - dibattere di argomenti etici: https://www.proversi.it/discussioni/categorie/6/etica-e-religione

Provocation: gli eventi del 6-7 gennaio 2021 a Washington https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2021/politics/trump-insurrection-capitol/ e video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xgmd2jRpLNE: assalto dei pro-Trump al Congresso americano: a) quali sono stati gli eventi? (WHAT), b) come giudicarli? (HOW?), c) se fossi stato un poliziotto (armato) con il compito di difendere la Camera, cosa avresti fatto all'incedere minaccioso della folla dentro il palazzo? (WHY?).
Cfr. lessonplan NVPS https://drive.google.com/file/d/153wtSu6qDFBsJP5VvEiOY6IGXoCSSsJX/view?fbclid=IwAR3t5KHHL8Oj-N_CGT5yOhcTXmZCEsDvKmd_59udOJlb2IeQ7F9JSqtnRXU

TED-Ed "Ethical dilemma: The burger murders - George Siedel and Christine Ladwig" https://ed.ted.com/lessons/ethical-dilemma-the-burger-murders-george-siedel-and-christine-ladwig similar to the Covid-19 dilemmas; TED-Ed "The trolley problem" https://ed.ted.com/lessons/would-you-sacrifice-one-person-to-save-five-eleanor-nelsen con domande

TED-Ed "How one scientist averted a national health crisis - Andrea Tone" https://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-one-scientist-averted-a-national-health-crisis-andrea-tone

Weekly ethical challenge (micro-debate) https://www.nytimes.com/column/the-ethicist and take your side with Kialo

CHECK: in ogni decisione vi è un possibile aspetto morale, tanto più quanto più le decisioni hanno impatto sull'interezza delle persone umane (e di ogni essere), ovvero sulla loro essenza (vita, dignità, libertà). Es. di ambito tecnico, come quello ospedaliero, che richiede decisioni ad impatto etico: a chi devo riservare la priorità in caso di emergenza sanitaria? es. Corona-virus cfr. http://www.siaarti.it/SiteAssets/News/COVID19%20-%20documenti%20SIAARTI/SIAARTI%20-%20Covid19%20-%20Raccomandazioni%20di%20etica%20clinica.pdf

L'etica ha a che fare con l'agire umano in termini di bene/male, giusto/ingiusto ecc. a condizione di pensare l'uomo come libero, ovvero capace di decisioni responsabili. Ecco quindi situazioni concrete dove occorre decidere moralmente e motivare la propria scelta:

• • la legge di Hume: distingui Fatti (descrivibili in termini di "essere") da Valori-Doveri (giudicabili in termini di "dover-essere"): cfr. video BBC https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eT7yXG2aJdY e il linguaggio pubblicitario https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RrrC-YDnVzU

  • slide ita "Etica intro - livello avanzato e focus su età moderna" https://drive.google.com/file/d/1FKsh8CZfMw3bR2Ut1y94i3CXCd1Bpf5s/view?usp=sharing

  • slide CLIL "Ethical theories and approaches" https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1emFOJZGvsNA9QlyRQns_n9tg4TsdbKgS35oboJXVLVw/edit?usp=sharing

  • Test yourself: how good is your Decision-making? https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTED_79.htm

  • tutti insieme come classe: Philosophical Experiment https://www.philosophyexperiments.com/moralityplay/Default.aspx 19 micro-scenari moralmente dilemmatici (tutti insieme come classe), chiedendo poi a caso motivazioni delle risposte

  • esistono persone cattive per natura? cfr. podcast IL BUIO di Paolo Trincia su sequestro Celadon https://www.spreaker.com/show/audible-original-podcast

HOW?

a) come fare "problem-setting morale"?

• moral problem-setting: da slide-testo "What is Ethics?", far fare task in doc (allegato in Classroom) "Moral dilemmas 1 - crime - what is ethics": chiedere motivazioni delle scelte

b) come procedere nella riflessione e scelta morale?

• moral-decision framework: https://trilliumhealthpartners.ca/aboutus/Documents/IDEA-Framework-THP.pdf

c) come distinguere il discorso morale da quello persuasivo pubblicitario o retorico?

• applicazione della Legge di Hume (distinzione "essere / dover-essere") https://aeon.co/videos/ought-we-accept-hume-s-severing-of-any-connection-between-is-and-ought https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eT7yXG2aJdY (v. video sotto) , cfr. doc condiviso con task https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1PB76wYOya3gTogxXZjAyp9y3szJNTMxoomrk6_3Ii4I/edit?usp=sharing : lettura apparenti sillogismi nel marketing

cfr. mappa https://trilliumhealthpartners.ca/aboutus/Documents/IDEA-Framework-THP.pdf pag. 4

1. IDENTIFY - facts and evidences > What is the issue about? > PROBLEM SHAPING

2. DETERMINE - perspectives and principles > Why did you make that choice? How did you reach your conclusions? > JUSTIFICATION & REFLECTION

3. EXPLORE - options and choices > Are there alternatives? other Points of View? other citeria? Did your partner agree with you? > ALTERNATIVES & AGREEMENT

4. ACT - decision and solution: What would you do in each situation? > ACTION

Step 1: Identify the Facts

Given that ethical issues often arise because of a lack of sufficient information or evidence, as well as disagreements about the facts, the first step in the ethical decision-making process is an explicit call for identification of the facts. This may help to resolve some conflicts and sets the stage for an effective process in others. Begin by asking the question:
• “What is the ethical issue that has been identified?”

Step 2: Determine the Relevant Ethical Principles

In the second step, open discussion about the dominant values and principles of the relevant parties (individuals and/or groups, as well as those of the organization) is necessary to further clarify the ethical issue(s) at hand. This step requires an exploration of the nature and scope of the identified ethical principles/criteria and consideration of the relative weights to assign to each principle (see Appendix B for a list of ethical principles) and/or criteria. The agreed upon set of prioritized principles/criteria will be used to guide the decision-making process.

• What principles/criteria do stakeholders consider most relevant to this issue?
• Which principles/criteria do the stakeholders agree are most important? Are there any additional factors that ought to be considered?
• Have perspectives of relevant individuals been sought?

Step 3: Explore the Options

The third step encourages brainstorming and reflection on a range of possible alternative courses of action. In any given situation, an attempt to identify at least three options should be made. Strengths and limitations of each option are explored. Options consistent with relevant laws and policies are identified. Options must be consistent with mission, vision, and values of organization. The agreed upon principles/criteria for decision-making as identified in Step 2 are applied to each viable option.

• What is the most ethically justifiable option?

Step 4: Act

Finally, the fourth step focuses on action. The most ethically justifiable option as identified in Step 3 is recommended for implementation. The decision(s) and the process used to arrive at the decision(s) is documented and communicated to relevant parties. An implementation plan is articulated. A process for evaluating the decision is determined.

• Are we (am I) comfortable with this decision?
• If this decision and the reasons for it were published in the paper tomorrow, would I be able to adequately defend the decision and the process?

> see Ethics Worksheet https://drive.google.com/file/d/1c-8xKQVE8g8t2Rk8IlrAEl-QRMnCT9WF/view?usp=sharing

• IDEA framework https://trilliumhealthpartners.ca/aboutus/Documents/IDEA-Framework-THP.pdf + tool https://drive.google.com/file/d/1c-8xKQVE8g8t2Rk8IlrAEl-QRMnCT9WF/view?usp=sharing

• Weekly ethical challenge (micro-debate): pick an issue from The Ethicist and give a motivation (in pairs or groups) using Kialo

• Decision-making map BCisive: utilizza questo software free https://www.bcisiveonline.com/ per costruire le mappe decisionali ed esercitare Critical Thinking; consente di rendere manifesta la struttura logica di un processo decisionale (o deliberativo) complesso

• Issues from "Taking sides" for arguing and debating https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HIGPH2bmGw_FufZcpZNB3gopqyh8Us3t/view?usp=sharing

• Toolkit da sito Argomentare in CLIL https://sites.google.com/view/argomentare/home/argomentare-in-clil

Process > Case-analysis + Reflection + Decision applicato a casi in particolare da https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/

1. Identify + What is the issue about? > PROBLEM SHAPING (attenzione qui alle fake-news!!!)

2. Determine + How did you reach your conclusions? > REFLECTION

3. Explore + Why did you make that choice? > JUSTIFICATION + Did your partner agree with you? > AGREEMENT

4. Act + What would you do in each situation? > ACTION

Come dobbiamo agire per vivere una vita buona? Come comportarsi da uomini giusti? Da cosa dipende la felicità? Esistono Regole morali universali? Ma insomma, perchè farsi problemi su come agire? perchè siamo liberi e il mondo è complesso, richiede comprensione e scelte! cfr. Cosa è un dilemma morale? https://examples.yourdictionary.com/ethical-dilemma-examples.html

WEBSITE FOR MORAL DILEMMAS

• YD: https://examples.yourdictionary.com/ethical-dilemma-examples.html

• video posing dilemmas:

• Mortal tales and Role-playing https://www.uua.org/re/tapestry/children/tales/session12/activity-4 and http://ethics.iit.edu/IPRO/Role-Play.pdf

• Justice Harvard (Michael Sandel): http://justiceharvard.org/justicecourse/

• Psychopixi: http://psychopixi.com/uncategorized/25-moral-dilemmas/

• Decision-making process: https://www.mirasol.net/blog/five-step-decision-making.php e IDEA ethical framework https://trilliumhealthpartners.ca/aboutus/Documents/IDEA-Framework-THP.pdf

Weekly ethical challenge (micro-debate): pick an issue from The Ethicist and give a motivation (in pairs or groups) using Kialo

Definition: Utilitarianism is the view that the right moral action is the one that maximizes happiness for all

• what is utilitarianism? video "wireless PHILOSOPHY - Ethics: Utilitarianism, Part 1" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uvmz5E75ZIA 5 min

• what advantages and limits does utilitarianism have in facing moral problems? video "wireless PHILOSOPHY - Ethics: Utilitarianism, Part 2" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uGDk23Q0S9E 5 min

  • • what is the core of the utilitarianist theory of what is valuable?
    • what is the core of the utilitarianist theory of what is the right action like?
    • what are the PROS of utilitarianism as a guide for acting morally?
    • what are the CONS (or worries) of utilitarianism as a guide for acting morally?
    • can you rephrase the example (Jones accident) that explicit the limit of the tenet of "maximizing the happiness/wellbeing"
    • in your view, what's the most significant limitation of utilitarianism?

Study:

• difference between "Teleological Ethics" and "Deontological Ethics" in slide https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1M6KEDIGejU3CtPVyCbalE-E4RdF36839L8-l8tOG9sg/edit?usp=sharing

• to go deeper, thinkers and cases: slide https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1IJN-z9_CrZrJdQnZjIGWbMRHEHHCSlnsPH0EsTpDu4o/edit?usp=sharing

Case-analysis from https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/:

a) Healthcare Obligations: Personal vs. Institutional https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/case-study/healthcare-obligations-personal-vs-institutional; b) Cadavers in Car Safety Research https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/case-study/cadavers-car-safety-research; c) Pardoning Nixon https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/case-study/pardoning-nixon; d) Limbaugh on Drug Addiction https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/case-study/limbaugh-drug-addiction; e) Welfare Reform https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/case-study/welfare-reform

1. Identify:

2. Determine:

3. Explore:

4. Act:

Spiegazione: l'etica del dovere e dell'intenzione pura

• • • slide schema CRPratica Kant: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1B6LjfJQcuQnT_XNNscBXPXIRGxABmz-Pbpu_UwAQmGo/edit?usp=sharing

    • slide Prezi su quadro delle tre Critiche https://prezi.com/9ihe5h3uwv5w/?utm_campaign=share&utm_medium=copy&rc=ex0share solo CRPratica da slide 27 a 43

    • slide Prezi distinzione tra Massime e Imperativi https://prezi.com/p/kikgs1aewypi/kant-c-ragion-pratica/

    • slide ppt generali https://www.slideshare.net/francescobaldassarre/kant-61887348 e CRPratica da slide 26 a 35:

      • • • la possibilità di una ragione pura (condizioni a piori) nella pratica, ovvero dell'esistenza di principi primi intuitivi da postulare affinchè esista la morale; e quindi la necessità di una critica della ragione pratica empirica e utilitaristica o edinistica

          • distinzione tra Massime (prescrizioni soggettive e situazionate, opinabili come i proverbi) e Imperativi (comandi universali della ragione prativa ovvero della volontò morale, Ipotetici - validi in certe condizioni - o Categorici - validi sempre in-condizionatamente)

          • le tre formulazioni dell'Imperativo categorico: I. universalizzabilità della massima, II. uomini come fini in ultima istanza, III. indipendenza e auto-finalismo della morale

          • le caratteristiche fondamentali della morale doveristica e rigoristica kantiana: A. autonoma no etero-noma, ma in-dipendente, in-condizionata), B. formale (non contenutistico-precettistica, focalizzata sul Come più che sul Cosa), C. intenzionale (non consequenzialistica, non utilitaristica, non edonistica)

          • i tre postulati della volontà morale (ragione pura pratica): 1. Libertà umana (se devi, allora puoi, anche se non si può dare la santità assoluta in terra), 2. Immortalità dell'anima (oggi e qui spaccatura tra Virtù e Felicità, ma compensazione nella vita eterna), 3. esistenza di Dio (il Principio ultimo-primo della dimensione noumenica, non dimostrabile logicamente nè scientificamente)

Definition: Kantism in ethics is the view that the right moral action is the one that fits the universal and rational moral law, despite the interests and the consequences

• • what is a good life according to Kant? video "wireless PHILOSOPHY - the good life - Kant" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6UQLiHB0k0 6 min. Questions: a) is there a necessary connection between Virtue and Happiness, according to Kant? why?, b) what is the difference between "affection" and "determination" in our decision-making?, c) what does the connection between "morality, reason, freedom" mean? when are we really morally free?, d) explain the concept of Self-respect (give an example), e) what condition permits to think of convergence between virtue and happiness (express it in simple words or example)?, f) finally, is Morality something "natural"?

  • is there morality without God? video "wireless PHILOSOPHY - Religion: Ethics and Religion" hhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lmhiibdwznQ&list=PLtKNX4SfKpzWO2Yjvkp-hMS0gTI948pIS&index=24 + https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x726HASktrQ&list=PLtKNX4SfKpzWO2Yjvkp-hMS0gTI948pIS&index=25 ognuna delle due parti di 5 min. Questions: Part 1 a) what is the core-statement of the "Divine-command theory"?, b) what are the attractive reasons to stand for a religion-based moral approach?, c) what was the Huck-Finn dilemma about?; Part 2 d) what is the rebuttal to the Divine-command theory?

Study:

• to go deeper: slide-testo https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1kuO_8yum3xVatBVML55jLGQmgomDerNUpTJR0Ty4hQY/edit?usp=sharing

• Prezi Critiche Kant https://prezi.com/9ihe5h3uwv5w/kant-le-3-critiche/?present=1 per CRPratica da slide 27 a 43 (ed extra fino a 72 con casi)

Case-analysis from https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/:

a) Cyber Harassment https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/case-study/cyber-harassment; b) Cheating: Atlanta’s School Scandal https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/case-study/cheating-atlantas-school-scandal; c) Banning Burkas https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/case-study/banning-burkas-freedom-discrimination; d) Ethical Use of Home DNA Testing https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/case-study/ethical-use-of-home-dna-testing; e) Patient Autonomy & Informed Consent https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/case-study/patient-autonomy-informed-consent; f) Reporting on Robin Williams https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/case-study/reporting-robin-williams; g) Stangl & the Holocaust https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/case-study/stangl-the-holocaust (Obedience and Authority)

1. Identify:

2. Determine:

3. Explore:

4. Act:

• Scenari: rispetto alle opzioni politiche basilari, abbiamo due estremi:

A. Le società antiche o di regime tradizionale, tripartite, per ordini o classi - cfr. intro film Divergent https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fk6vf_K08l0&feature=emb_logo ITA su società per ordini e caste
> problema: da dove la gerarchia?

B. La società dei social-media, dell'idiocrazia - cfr. film Netflix Idiocracy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TVfZ-yAcdK0 ITA su società distopica della decadenza democratica
> problema: chi deve gestire il potere?

C. La democrazia è il sistema migliore di gestione del potere? - cfr. video comparativo tra tirannide come degenerazione della democrazia in Platone e l'attuale degenerazione populista (es. Trump) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cnzo9qXLFUo 3 min

• Focus: from U-topia to Dis-topia: inspiration from 10 distopian movies https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=heAVOA8iyCw

• Dilemmi: utilità o dovere? individuo o comunità? libertà o regole? da dove viene il potere? cosa lo rende legittimo?
  abbiamo veramente bisogno di legge e controllo? non basta il governo di sé stessi? non possiamo semplicemente auto-regolarci?

a) Altogether discuss briefly the mail problems about these issues: what is power based on? should we strengthen or weaken political authority? why do governments exist? what are laws and rights?
b) In pairs: brainstorming the meaning of the political essential terms of “Power, Freedom, Citizen, State” creating a concept map, using Mindomo

b) In groups: argue and rebut the anarchist dilemma: do we really need a central Government/State/Power/Authority?

• Risorse:

  • • Lessonplan Cambridge di Alberto Garniga "FREEDOM AND CONTROL, sub-unit “Why do we need laws?" all'interno del corso Global Perspectives: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1tbCjf9oGN1kGVAtgCX-l7D0VSezWFiTFGaBN_i2yhRM/edit?usp=sharing

    • website Educazione Civica e di Cittadinanza "how does modern political power and government work?": https://sites.google.com/view/storia2classequarta/ecc-e-progetti

    • CC Crash Courses - playlist Politics "U.S. Government and Politics" in particolare "Intro" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrk4oY7UxpQ&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtOfse2ncvffeelTrqvhrz8H 7 min, "Check and balance" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0bf3CwYCxXw&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtOfse2ncvffeelTrqvhrz8H&index=3 9 min, "Political ideology" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_k_k-bHigM&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtOfse2ncvffeelTrqvhrz8H&index=35 9 min

PROBLEM SETTING

> warming up e problem-setting: scenari rispetto alle opzioni politiche basilari, in due estremi:

A. Le società antiche o di regime tradizionale, tripartite, per ordini o classi - cfr. intro film Divergent https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fk6vf_K08l0&feature=emb_logo ITA su società per ordini e caste > problema: da dove la gerarchia?

B. La società dei social-media, dell'idiocrazia - cfr. film Netflix Idiocracy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TVfZ-yAcdK0 ITA su società distopica della decadenza democratica > problema: chi deve gestire il potere?

ACTIVE REFLECTION

A. come costruire un buono spazio naturale e umano? visioni

- slide-testo "Utopia moderna - testo e immagini" con grandi visioni architettonico-urbanistiche-progettuali https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1ejQM44sZdfLcg4TK9R1oEZIwClNu6a_7Eig7Ab3r4V4/edit?usp=sharing

> Task: disegna la tua utopia urbanistica

B. quali regole dare per una società giusta e ben organizzata? regolamentazioni

- doc "U-topia - How should the world (city, society, politics) be?": https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2IaV-Sova9KSndFa295dWN0a3M/view?usp=sharing

> Task: in 4 passaggi, costituisci le regole alla tua utopia urbanistica

1. immaginazione: pensa il tuo mondo utopico, descrivendo una comunità ideale (famiglia, scuola, politica ecc.) e disegnando (o cercando in Pinterest) come potrebbe apparire
2. regolamentazione: applica la tua immaginazione alla realtà, fissando le regole di base della tua comunità (luoghi, modi di vivere, routines, leggi fondamentali ecc.)
3. rovesciamento: individua (anche nel reciproco Critical Thinking tra gruppi) i punti critici del tuo modello, sperimentando come dall’ideale si può arrivare al suo contrario - v. lettura passi di Thomas Moore + lettura Campanella in slide-testo sopra
4. riflessione: rifletti su come U-topia e Dis-topia siano legate dialetticamente e trova un film di fantascienza che mostri queste dinamiche.

Mini-debate:

• Topic: Per la politica del futuro, meglio un governo mondiale ONU oppure le Nazioni sovrane?

• Task: divisi in due macro-gruppi - e in sotto-gruppi da 6 (3 argomentatori e 3 controargomentatori) - con sequenza come A Suon di Parole: cfr. in https://sites.google.com/view/argomentare/a-suon-di-parole

• Fonti: attorno a parole-chiave "ONU, Sovranismo, Nazionalismo, Utopia politica, Distopia politica, Politica" ecc.

• Forma: argomentazione in tre passaggi, come su Tema argomentativo, con riferimento a schema https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bze6qWGzKSjTc2wwdDYwVEE2d2c/view

Problem-setting: Authority, Leadership & Security

• video BBC "Freedom vs Security" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zL2LMTRoWlA

• video BBC "Liberalism and Toleration" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1xILFxFkF3E

> main ideas: order & control + hierarchy & guidance

Debate: STATO E POTERE: "Il potere centrale di uno Stato va rinforzato o indebolito?" o "Centralismo o Federalismo?" o "Forza legittima dello Stato fino a che punto nel rispetto dei diritti individuali, e viceversa Diritti individuali fino a che punto da far valere?"
> Kialo debate: autorità centrale di fronte a dilemmi etico-politici: caso TAV o caso gestione-vaccini o caso Autonomismi o caso rapper catalano arrestato (notizia https://www.open.online/2021/02/16/spagna-arrestato-rapper-pablo-hasel-video/ e approfondimento https://www.ilpost.it/2021/02/18/spagna-arresto-pablo-hasel-rapper/)

Issue “Freedom vs Authority” > big question: “Should there be regulation and control of the internet?”

1. Provocation - Problems about this scenario: a) Altogether watch the video “How the end of net neutrality could change the internet” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HqXKEgTYZBQ Vox (5 min); b) Individually highlight the main issues raised by the video (problem-setting)

2. Deconstruction - Analysis of the polarized position: a) In pairs: read the article about “Regulation vs De-regulation” https://www.fightingfake.org.uk/internet-regulation; b) find examples for each point, but only Pro or Con > teacher splits the class in 2 main groups (Pro/Con)

3. Reconstruction - Synthesis: quick debate in two groups: a) Groups: all the Pro/Con pairs collect in 2 main groups split in 2 groups and start debating: prepare an argument (with example) giving reason to your position Pro/Con + one pair at a time, standing up for your reasons, alternatively Pro/Con, proceeding in 2 opposing circles; b) Altogether: recap about what we have done, finding feasable solutions of compromise.

Sources: Global Perspective SOW “Should there be regulation and control of the internet?” https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xstz0_ysfwetR495B-8GkiZU1HAjRvHn/view?usp=sharing p. 69 + Bill of Rights Institute https://billofrightsinstitute.org/elessons/should-the-government-regulate-the-internet/

HOW? i due modelli che poi si sono fusi nelle moderne Democrazie liberali e Stati di Diritto

• slide "Assolutismo vs Parlamentarismo - con Task CLIL" https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1zsr91CdU7NVVy_s-qcp-zcAVceW3D8JxTEba_JRaLc8/edit?usp=sharing v. sotto

• slide "Giusnaturalismo e Contrattualismo" https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1A14knAZzKYmw8RdcxWQ0vIbsVVTrCSCJlM3xLEeXegc/edit?usp=sharing

  • Approfondimenti:

    • modello dell'Assolutismo: http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/assolutismo_%28Dizionario-di-Storia%29/ e https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assolutismo_monarchico
    • modello del Parlamentarismo: http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/parlamentarismo/ e http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/parlamento/
    • forme moderne di Governo: https://it.wikiversity.org/wiki/Le_Forme_di_Governo e http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/forme-di-stato-e-forme-di-governo/
    • video su forme politiche moderne: "Global History Review: The Age of Absolutism" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NrMYWgG3nuE 4 min
    • TED-Ed "How is power divided in the United States government?" https://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-is-power-divided-in-the-united-states-government-belinda-stutzman 5 min + questions
    • TED-Ed "A 3-minute guide to the Bill of Rights" https://ed.ted.com/lessons/a-3-minute-guide-to-the-bill-of-rights-belinda-stutzman

    • video "UK Parliament - an introduction" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RAMbIz3Y2JA 8 min

Problem-setting: People, State-of-Law & public Welfare

• video BBC "Civil disobedience" https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2s&v=elrTpoY6AYQ

• video fhilosofix "Veil of ignorance - John Rawls" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_KefNcPFUDo

> main ideas: liberty & authonomy + equality & individual happiness

Issue “Individual vs State” > big question: “Should there be regulation and control of the internet?”

1. Provocation - Problems about these issues: watch the video “What is leadership? And why everyone should be a leader” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J9A5nJ9AoGI 5 min or video-interviews https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=18UVXW-x2_8 2 min + > slide Machiavelli e Hobbes in https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1j89HfhWcVlEczGvz-zH_54IcP9N_Q9JSHah69R1c6Zs/edit?usp=sharing

2. Deconstruction - Analysis of the case: the legitimate use of force by the political authority (State) - to what extent? See doc task “political simulation - Hobbes and use of force” https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bze6qWGzKSjTT2lzOUUzTDY2Y1U/view?usp=sharing pag. 3-8

3. Reconstruction - Synthesis: quick debate about profiling a real leader in sub-groups: what’s a true Leader like? how strong should be the power of the Leader? Task: create an ideal profile > use also graphical or Doodly

HOW? i due modelli che poi si sono fusi nelle moderne Democrazie liberali e Stati di Diritto

• modello del Liberalismo: https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberalismo (in particolare la definizione iniziale e i paragrafi "Liberalismo e Democrazia", "Liberalismo ed Economia", "Liberalismo e Globalizzazione") e http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/il-liberalismo_(Dizionario-di-Storia)/ e Costituzionalismo http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/costituzionalismo_%28Dizionario-di-Storia%29/

• modello della Democrazia: https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/democrazia/ e https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/democrazia_%28Lessico-del-XXI-Secolo%29/ e https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/democrazie-e-democratizzazioni_%28Atlante-Geopolitico%29/

• slide "PENSIERO POLITICO MODERNO - Machiavelli Hobbes Locke Rousseau - slide e Task" https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1j89HfhWcVlEczGvz-zH_54IcP9N_Q9JSHah69R1c6Zs/edit?usp=sharing

• Task comparativo: similitudini e differenze tra i due doc fondamentali di preambolo alle costituzioni americana e francesi:
  a) Dichiarazione di indipendenza (americana)
  b) Dichiarazione dei diritti dell'uomo e del cittadino (francese)

• Case-analysis "USA": la forma più celebre (e riuscita?) di Democrazia parlamentare repubblicana costituzionale odierna
  > storia Indipendenza e Costituzione degli Stati Uniti: slide "USA - coloni, indipendenza, costituzione" https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1VjE3kcYFJuQik-6eMSfBi_pbpVpwz0FYequA7mSly6M/edit?usp=sharing , in website https://sites.google.com/view/storia2classequarta/m3-illuminismo-e-rivoluzioni
  > TED-Ed "How is power divided in the United States government?" https://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-is-power-divided-in-the-united-states-government-belinda-stutzman 5 min + questions; "A 3-minute guide to the Bill of Rights" https://ed.ted.com/lessons/a-3-minute-guide-to-the-bill-of-rights-belinda-stutzman
  > Lessonplans & activities in iCivics https://www.icivics.org/teachers con giochi https://www.icivics.org/educators or Constitutioncenter https://constitutioncenter.org/learn/educational-resources/lesson-plans in partic sul Bill of Rights https://constitutioncenter.org/media/files/Bill_of_Rights_%286-8%29.pdf
  > schede agevolate in inglese da School History "Philosophy behind the revolution and constitution" https://schoolhistory.co.uk/industrial/philosophy-behind-the-american-revolution/

• costruzione di problem setting & decision making map, utilizzando https://www.bcisiveonline.com/

• micro-debate about the above issues, cfr. Modulo ARGOMENTARE https://sites.google.com/scuole.provincia.tn.it/philosophy1-agarniga/argomentare

cfr. Toolkit CLIL in https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0Bze6qWGzKSjTZEJSbWxOdUg0REk?usp=sharing o allegato sotto

Reacting to provoking moral situations (taking sides)

• polarizzazioni o role-playing "Bentham vs Kant" - es applicazione "dilemma Nick Cave - Bentham o Kant" https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1Zp50DK-SzvGyrEZkKObHrm7a1YI5YrqWqhCjVVjUOHA/edit?usp=sharing

  • • Analisi di casi eticamente dilemmatici : http://psychopixi.com/uncategorized/25-moral-dilemmas/ o https://www.buzzfeed.com/tracyclayton/moral-dilemmas-that-will-break-your-brain?utm_term=.inV60K3P0#.by65bry8b

    • Schieramenti: prima parte della scheda sotto sui Dilemmi; morali oppure scelte di campo: https://www.isidewith.com/it/ e parte italiana https://www.isidewith.com/it/

    • video and discussion about "The Trolley Problem" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bOpf6KcWYyw 1,50 min https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b04ps558 (see "Would You Kill the Big Guy?")

• "D-factor test" test sulla cattiveria

• Gioco del dittatore:

• Sociogramma etico: scelta del compagno "moralmente migliore" - Mentimeter https://www.mentimeter.com/s/bd0c6a3991ad507f0fd181af03676b28/67d668cbc0ba

TASK: moral debates (taking sides)

• moral cases: cfr. Ethics unwrapped: glossary, video, cases about ethics https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/case-studies, in particolare:

• taking side and justifying your decision: in pairs, consider each of the moral dilemmas outlined on https://www.buzzfeed.com/tracyclayton/moral-dilemmas-that-will-break-your-brain?utm_term=.inV60K3P0#.by65bry8b , make your choice and add your reason why:

  • • • 1. What would you do in each situation? > ACTION

        2. How did you reach your conclusions? > REFLECTION

        3. Why did you make that choice? > JUSTIFICATION

        4. Did your partner agree with you? > AGREEMENT

• case analysis about moral dilemmas: analyse a scenario using the "Moral decision map" above; then take a side, find reasons of you choice, argue and counterargue (practice of critical thinking):

• • • • https://examples.yourdictionary.com/ethical-dilemma-examples.html

      • http://www.goodcharacter.com/dilemma/archive.html

• activities & decisions, v. Manuale CLIL "AQA A2 Moral Philosophy" su Kindle - sub-sezioni "Applying utilitarianism + kantian ethics"

  • • dilemmi morali kantiani, v. pdf specifico https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bze6qWGzKSjTampyclR1ZzVMeTA/view?usp=sharing

• • PlayDecide: kit didattico per questioni etiche http://www.playdecide.eu/play/topics.html (con argomenti scelti e lessonplan nella cartella: https://drive.google.com/open?id=1jY--PsCCsbUdicS1QV54oYty15whV49e )

  • Philosophical Experiment https://www.philosophyexperiments.com/moralityplay/Default.aspx

WHAT ? Value Theory - corso completo Kahn Academy:

• "Ethics" https://www.khanacademy.org/partner-content/wi-phi/wiphi-value-theory#wiphi-ethics

• "Value Theory" https://www.khanacademy.org/partner-content/wi-phi/wiphi-value-theory

GLOBAL ISSUES

Questo modulo filosofico si interseca con i moduli storici del curricolo Cambridge di Global Perspectives. Tools utili:

• True Tube: risorse video per questioni radicali https://www.truetube.co.uk/list?topics=moral%20decisions&page=1&

• Global Issues Overview accordind to ONU: https://www.un.org/en/sections/issues-depth/global-issues-overview/

• Global Challenges according to WTO: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/what-are-the-10-biggest-global-challenges/

• Lista Issues da sito Global-Issues, con ricchissimo materiale di contenuti specifici per topic in funzione di debates/argomentazioni: https://www.globalissues.org/issue

• Pro/Con e altre risorse per Debates: in https://sites.google.com/view/argomentare/home/argomentare-in-clil

• TAKING SIDES - moral issues: https://archive.org/details/takingsides00step_0 e https://archive.org/search.php?query=taking%20sides%20moral%20issues

• GoodCharacter casi dilemmatici morali con scenari ben descritti: https://www.goodcharacter.com/the-daily-dilemma/

APPROFONDIMENTO legato agli ALL e a futuro 4 anno: etica e tecnologia + Roboetica http://www.roboetica.it/ e docu-film "Ciao Robot"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ft1Fx30IV3I

FOCUS: l'etica applicata e prescrittiva, ovvero non solo pensieri ma anche indicazioni pratiche di vita: phrònesis

• Take a test!

• incarnate uno degli esperimenti psicologici relativi alla misurazione della felicità, utilizzando le classi scolastiche come campione

• analyse and compare worldwide data from World Values Survey http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSContents.jsp