Figure. 1 Shows the stream order of the Price River watershed. The stream order of the Price River at its mouth was 4.
Introduction
For my Final Project, I wanted to read 3 riverscapes from the Price River because this is where I am from. The Price River is a slow-moving body of water and seems to flood a lot along the White River and areas in Wellington. The Price River flows about 130 miles until it reaches the Green River and has many tributaries: Tabbyune Creek, White River, Kyune Creek, Horse Creek, Ford Creek, Summit Creek, Willow Creek, Gordon Creek, Coal Creek, Soldier Creek, and Miller Creek. It supplies water to Price, Helper, and Wellington for human consumption, agriculture, rangeland, and coal mining. The Price River watershed is fairly large (1,830 miles) and has a dendritic drainage pattern.
Most of the Price River watershed is partially confined, but the 3 riverscapes described are located higher up in the watershed and relatively close together. The confined riverscape is located about 10 miles downstream from Scofield Reservoir (39°50'18" N 111°00'09" W). The confined riverscape is about 2,181 meters above sea level. The partially-confined riverscape is located right off Route 6 by the bridge that crosses over the Price River (39°50'31" N 110°59'18" W). The partially confined riverscape is about 2,171 meters above sea level. The laterally unconfined riverscape is located near the Scofield turn-off (39°51'25" N 111°01'30" W). The laterally unconfined riverscape is about 2,195 meters above sea level.
The Price River depends on good winters with a lot of snow accumulation. At times the Price River is too low to support native fish within the reach because of little precipitation. The climate within the area is fairly dry with cold winters and hot summers. Scofield, Utah receives about 11 inches of rain per year and 33 inches of snow per year. During the summer, the temperature is around 90°F in July. Temperatures in the winter can be as low as 13°F. When fishing in these areas I have experienced hotter and colder temperatures. Water temperature follows the surface temperatures. The reason water temperatures are higher is because temperatures were recorded in a warmer and lower elevated area.
The Price River watershed consists of mudstone, sandstone, and conglomerate rock. The geological age of the Price River is Late Cretaceous. The Price River starts high in the mountains until it reaches Helper. The land is developed until it reaches Wellington with agriculture and urban area. The Price River then travels through a desert until it reaches another mountain range. It travels through the valley until it reaches the Green River.
Figure. 2 Shows the preciptiation and temperature of Scofield, Utah.
Figure. 3 Shows the water temperature of the Price River.
This interactive map of the Price River displays 3 yellow polygons to help show the different riverscapes.
The first picture is the confined, second is the partially-confined, third is the laterally unconfined riverscape.
Confined
This confined riverscape is simple. It is a single-threaded channel with little to no sinuosity. The width of the channel is about 16 ft. and flow velocity is high. The geomorphic units present in this reach are run, pool, riffle, glide, and rapid. The substrate within this reach is larger and mostly a bedrock river. There are no substantial bars within the reach because of swift flow and larger substrate. This means the sediment is traveling downstream to slower moving water. Not much sediment is being delivered from above because it is so close to the dam. The sediment source is from the hillslopes and banks. There is not much vegetation growing in the area other than close to the water. This vegetation does not shade very much of the water because it is mostly grass and small bushes.
Figure. 4 Shows the geomorphic units of the confined riverscape.
Figure. 5 Shows the valley setting of the confined riverscape.
The railroad runs close to the channel and partially confines it. The hillslope is what makes it a confined riverscape. The hillslope strictly forces the channel and its behavior. There a small active floodplain. Over time I expect the river to widen because the channel is already hitting bedrock. The flow of the confined riverscape is mostly uniform. There are no mid-channel bars creating divergent and convergent flows. A few boulders do create these features within the reach. If a flood were to happen within this reach I do not think much would change. These confined river scapes are very resilient to floods and generally do not change.
Partially-Confined
This partially-confined riverscape is complex. It is a single-threaded channel with irregular meandering. The width of the channel is about 23 ft. and has medium flow velocity. The geomorphic units present in this reach are run, pool, riffle, glide, point bar, and cutoffs. The substrate within this reach is mixed with fine and large substrate. The larger substrate is found at the bottom of the channel, but the banks consist of fine sediment. The banks within this reach are tall and slough on the outside bend. Most of these banks are undercut banks and have grass growing from the bank. There is more vegetation growing in this reach area because the floodplain is much bigger. This vegetation does not shade very much of the water.
Figure. 6 Shows the geomorphic units of the partially-confined riverscape.
Figure. 7 Shows the valley setting of the partially-confined riverscape.
The railroad partially confines one side of the river and runs parallel to the channel. The hill slope partially confines the other side of the channel. The active and inactive floodplain are present in the riverscape. The flood plain contains a cutoff that has been filled in over the years with sediment during flooding events. The fan provides sediment to the inactive floodplain which may be why the channel is on the opposite side. The flow of this reach is mostly uniform, but do see some convergent and divergent where a mid-channel bar is present in the middle of the reach. Over time this reach may be altered anthropogenically because of the interference it may have with the railroad. During a flooding event, I would expect the tall banks to be eroded quickly and cutoffs to be filled in
Laterally Undefined
This laterally undefined riverscape is complex. It is a single-threaded channel with irregular meandering. The width of the channel is about 21 ft. The geomorphic units present in this reach are run, pool, riffle, glide, bar, cutoff, avulsion, chute, and dam. The substrate within this reach consists of fine substrate. The banks within this reach are short and consist mostly of fine sediment. There are undercut banks found across this whole reach. There is more vegetation growing in the area because the floodplain wide. This vegetation does not shade very much of the water. The water in this area is slow-moving and the beaver dams help create diversity. The sources for sediment come from upstream reaches and from the banks. This area seems to have more depositions than erosion.
Figure. 8 Shows the geomorphic units of the laterally undefined riverscape.
Figure. 9 Shows the valley setting of the laterally undefined riverscape.
The Price River did not have any truly unlaterally defined reaches, but the White River did. This area is realatively flat and is constantly changing each year. Though the hillslope partially confines the channel, I believe the hillslope can be alter naturally by erosion. The flood plain consist of a lot of old channels that have been filled in overtime by flooding events. The channel has a lot of freedom to move laterally within the valley setting. The flow of the channel is mostly unitform, but does have some mid-channel bars and chute. There are some areas where avulsion has taken place to form new channels. In the future I believe this channel will find new pathways to the Price River.
These reaches have a lot of similarities and differences given how close they are together. The confined riverscape is boring, but does have larger subtrate and faster moving water because of the steeper gradient. The partially-confined riverscape has more vegetation and larger floodplain. There are also more geomorphic units present because of the freedom it has in the valley setting. This reach is the only one that had a fan contributing sediment to the reach. The laterally unconfined riverscape was slower moving, but had the most diversity. The dams provided pools and slower moving water downstream. The largest floodplain was found in the laterally unconfined reach. The laterally confined reach was found higher up in the watershed. The confined reach was found in between the two reaches and the paritally-confined reach was found below.
References
Climate Scofield State Park - Utah. (n.d.). Retrieved April 29, 2021, from https://www.usclimatedata.com/climate/scofield-state-park/utah/united-states/usut0230
Improving Utah’s Water Quality. (n.d.). Retrieved April 29, 2021, from https://extension.usu.edu/waterquality/files-ou/Watershed-information/Main/NR_WQ_2011-PriceRiver.pdf
National Water Information System: Web Interface. (n.d.). Retrieved April 29, 2021, from https://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/ut/nwis/uv/?cb_00010=on&format=gif_default&site_no=09314500&period=&begin_date=2020-01-01&end_date=2021-01-01