STLLM-DF
Z. Shao, H. Xi, H. Lu, Z. Wang, M. Bell, "STLLM-DF: A Spatial-Temporal Large Language Model with Diffusion for Enhanced Multi-Mode Traffic System Forecasting", Communications in Transportation Research, December 2024.
R2T-LLM
X. Guo, Q. Zhang, J. Jiang, M. Peng, H. Yang, M. Zhu ,"Towards Responsible and Reliable Traffic Flow Prediction with Large Language Models", Preprint, 2024.
LSGLLM-E
Y. Rong, Y. Mao, X. He, M. Chen, "Large-Scale Traffic Flow Forecast with Lightweight LLM in Edge Intelligence", IEEE Internet of Things Magazine, 2024.
ST-LLM
C. Liu, C. Yang, Q. Xu, Z. Li, C. Long, Z. Li, R. Zhao, "Spatial-Temporal Large Language Model for Traffic Prediction", Preprint, 2024.
LEAF
Y. Zhao, X. Luo, H. Wen, Z. Xiao, W. Ju, M. Zhang, “Embracing Large Language Models in Traffic Flow Forecasting”, Preprint, December 2024.
STF-GPT2
K. Zhang, “Reprogramming Large Language Models for Spatia-Temporal Traffic Flow Forecasting”, Master Thesis, University of Helsinki, May 2025.
ReMFT
Q. Xia, Z. Sun, H. Zhang, Y. Lin, Y. Lu, “A Multiscale Decomposition and Reprogrammed LLM Framework for Traffic Flow Forecasting”, SSRN 2025, July 2025.
GPT4TFP
Y. Xu, M. Liu, “GPT4TFP: Spatio-Temporal Fusion Large Language Model for Traffic Flow Prediction”, Neurocomputing, 2025.
FlowDistill
C. Yu, X. Xie, Y. Huang, C. Qiu, “FlowDistill: Scalable Traffic Flow Prediction via Distillation from LLMs”, Preprint, 2025.
ST-LINK
H. Jeon, H. Lee, J. Kim, S. Ko, “ST-LINK: Spatially-Aware Large Language Models for Spatio-Temporal Forecasting”, Preprint, September 2025.