Alexandrite

Alexandrite is a rare and highly prized variety of chrysoberyl (BeAl₂O₄) that is famous for its remarkable color-changing ability, known as the alexandrite effect. Under daylight or fluorescent lighting, alexandrite typically appears green to bluish-green, while under incandescent or candlelight, it shifts to red, purplish-red, or raspberry tones. This dramatic color change occurs due to the presence of chromium in its crystal structure, which allows it to absorb and reflect different wavelengths of light depending on the lighting conditions. The finest quality alexandrite displays a strong and vivid color shift with high transparency, making it one of the most valuable and sought-after gemstones in the world.Discovered in the Ural Mountains of Russia in 1830, alexandrite was named after Tsar Alexander II, as its red and green hues matched the colors of the Russian imperial military. Though Russian mines produced the highest-quality alexandrite, they have been largely depleted. Today, the most significant sources include Brazil, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Tanzania, and India. Despite these new deposits, fine alexandrite remains exceptionally rare, and most gems found today are small in size.Alexandrite crystallizes in the orthorhombic system and has a hardness of 8.5 on the Mohs scale, making it a durable gemstone for jewelry. Its unique optical properties include strong pleochroism, where it exhibits different colors when viewed from different angles, further enhancing its beauty. Due to its rarity, natural alexandrite commands extremely high prices, often exceeding $10,000 per carat for fine specimens. Lab-grown alexandrite exists, offering a more affordable alternative while still maintaining the striking color change effect. Whether set in rings, earrings, or pendants, alexandrite remains a symbol of mystery, transformation, and elegance, making it a treasured gemstone among collectors and enthusiasts worldwide.