Year 2

An American video however, it gives the basic idea of the topographic survey.

British Geological Society website HERE

Linear measurements in surveying can be performed by mainly three methods namely direct method, electromagnetic methods and optical methods. The direct method is the common method that employs a chain, tape or any other instrument to measure the linear distance.

A structural survey is a thorough inspection of a building's structure, including its foundations, walls, floors, roof, and other key elements. It is usually carried out by a chartered building surveyor or a structural engineer and is typically done in conjunction with a visual inspection of the property

An ecological survey is the process whereby a proposed development site is assessed to establish any environmental impact the development may have.

A boundary survey is usually needed if there is a dispute between two or more parties who disagree on the location, ownership or liabilities of a boundary. A boundary survey and appropriate analysis provides a robust way of establishing the facts to help resolve these disputes in a calm and professional manner.

A land survey is simply a report of information about an area of land. There are 2 main types of land surveys: Boundary surveys: a 2D map of a property's boundaries for ownership and structures. Detailed surveys: extensive 3D drawings with details about elevation levels, land features and soil quality.

Facade survey (executive survey) is the geodetic works type suggesting the measurement of the buildings' vertical surface with draft (plan) making and detailed indication of geometric characteristics and object's architectural and constructional specifics

Laser scan surveys of multi-storey building allow for accurate quantifying of potential non-compliant cladding panels.

Measured surveys involve taking measurements of sites or buildings in order to produce accurate data that is then represented at a reduced scale. They are usually specified to an agreed level of detail, to acceptable accuracy tolerances, scale, delivery times and costs.

The horizontal lines are read left to right and are called 'eastings' while the vertical lines are read bottom to top and are called 'northings'. Along these gridlines, at the bottom and side of the map, are numbers which allow you to get your grid references. The video on the left is a playlist with useful advice on ordnance survey maps. All ordanance survey maps are available on either paper or online.

The Gough Map or Bodleian Map is a Late Medieval map of the island of Great Britain. Its precise dates of production and authorship are unknown. It is named after Richard Gough, who bequeathed the map to the Bodleian Library in 1809. 

While OS was founded back in 1791 and we published our first map in 1801, maps for the general public didn't seriously take off until after the First World War. Although interestingly, some of our best-remembered map covers predate this period, with their beautifully illustrated covers by Ellis Martin.

Cartography, the art and science of graphically representing a geographical area, usually on a flat surface such as a map or chart. It may involve the superimposition of political, cultural, or other nongeographical divisions onto the representation of a geographical area.