Synthesis of nitrogen-doped Ti3C2Tx with different doping levels and its structural impact on hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance

To investigate the electrochemical properties of Ti₃C₂Tₓ MXene with varying nitrogen doping concentrations, we slightly modified the conventional synthesis process of MXene. Adjustments were made to the etching conditions, including etching temperature, stirring speed, the washing solutions, and the addition of vacuum filtration steps. These modifications led to the production of MXene with enhanced purity and stability. The resulting MXene was then used to synthesize nitrogen-doped Ti₃C₂Tₓ (N-Ti₃C₂Tₓ), and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance of N-Ti₃C₂Tₓ with different doping concentrations was evaluated. In addition, structural changes before and after nitrogen doping were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy to examine the variations in lattice structure, molecular configuration, and chemical bonding.