Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that enables machines to perform tasks typically requiring human intelligence, such as reasoning, problem-solving, and decision-making (Government of Canada, 2023). AI systems analyze vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and use these patterns to make predictions or automate tasks. Over time, these systems improve through continuous learning.
Key AI technologies include machine learning (ML), natural language processing (NLP), and deep learning. Machine learning enables systems to learn from data without being explicitly programmed. NLP allows machines to understand and generate human language. Deep learning, a subset of ML, leverages neural networks to handle complex tasks such as image recognition and language translation (Stryker & Kavlakoglu, 2024). These technologies form the foundation of many modern AI applications.
A major advancement in AI is the development of Large Language Models (LLMs). These models, trained on extensive datasets, specialize in generating and understanding human-like text. They power applications such as text generation, translation, and summarization. LLMs are central to generative AI, which creates new content, including text, images, and videos (Teubner et al., 2023).
As AI rapidly advances, it is transforming industries such as healthcare, finance, and education by solving complex problems. However, it also raises ethical concerns, particularly regarding bias and privacy.