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Summary of previous policy implementations to the current CAPS implementation
Summary of previous policy implementations to the current CAPS implementation
CAPS represents the pinnacle of South Africa education reform dating back to the mid-1990s. The need for a more unified and equitable curriculum policy led to the development of CAPS, which officially replaced the Outcomes-Based Education (OBE) system in 2012.
CAPS represents the pinnacle of South Africa education reform dating back to the mid-1990s. The need for a more unified and equitable curriculum policy led to the development of CAPS, which officially replaced the Outcomes-Based Education (OBE) system in 2012.
Diagram of the timeline
Diagram of the timeline
Figure 1: diagram of timeline previous curriculum to the inception of the CAPS
Source: (Du Preez & Reddy, 2014)
The roots of CAPS trace back to the post-apartheid era in the mid-1990s when South Africa underwent significant educational reforms.
The three major curriculum policy reforms were:
Curriculum 2005 (C2005) implemented 1997–2002
National Curriculum Statement (NCS) implemented 2002–2011
Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) 2012–current period.
source: (Hoadley, 2017b)
1997-2002
1997-2002
Curriculum 2005 (C2005)
Curriculum 2005 (C2005)
Curriculum 2005 is a post-apartheid reform introduced in 1997 to make education more equal and outcomes-based.
Curriculum 2005, also known as Outcomes-Based Education (OBE), marked the beginning of the transformation of the South African education system under the democratic government. OBE emphasizes obtaining skills, knowledge, and values, focusing on learner-centered learning rather than traditional teaching methods.
The goal of C2005 was intended to address inequalities in the apartheid education system and to develop citizens with the skills, knowledge, and values needed to rebuild the country
However, it came under attack from all stakeholders for being too complex and too vague.
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The recommendations of the review were straightforward and sensible given criticisms of C2005, and included that:
The design of the curriculum be simplified;
Curriculum overload be addressed, including the reduction in the number of
Learning Areas in the Intermediate Phase;
The terminology and language of the curriculum be simplified;
Assessment requirements should be clarified;
Content be brought into the curriculum, and specified;
A plan be developed to train teachers effectively for a new curriculum;
Textbooks and reading be reintroduced.
2002-2011
2002-2011
Revised National Curriculum (RNCS)
Revised National Curriculum (RNCS)
The Revised National Curriculum Statement (RNCS) was introduced to streamline and strengthen C2005.
The RNCS upholds the principles of OBE and the South African Constitution, promoting a learner-centered approach to education.
A review committee recommended improvements in design features, language, curriculum alignment, teacher orientation, training, learner support material, and provincial support.
The RNCS was approved in 2002 and implemented in 2004 starting with Grade R. It sets outcomes and standards for learners to achieve, encouraging a learner-centered approach to teaching. Find out more in the document below
Find out more in the document below:
1296848130.pdf2011
CAPS
- on January 24, 2011, the minister of Basic Education Mrs. Angie Matsheka invited the public and stakeholder to make comment on the draft policy paper was made available for public comment, (DBE, 2011s:6).
- The comment period ended on February 11, 2011. The adoption of the National Curriculum Statement Grades R–12 was approved by the Minister in September 12, 2011 (DBE, 2022b:3).
- It was anticipated that the CAPS Grade R-12 will be implemented between 2012 and 2014 (DBE, 2011b).
NCS to NCS (CAPS): main changes
• CAPS Foundation Phase: instructional time will increase
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