AP CS A

[Using Methods]

• MOD-2.C.3 A precondition is a condition that must be true just prior to the execution of a section of program code in order for the method to behave as expected. There is no expectation that the method will check to ensure preconditions are satisfied.

• MOD-2.C.4 A postcondition is a condition that must always be true after the execution of a section of program code. Postconditions describe the outcome of the execution in terms of what is being returned or the state of an object.

• MOD-2.C.5 Programmers write method code to satisfy the postconditions when preconditions are met.

[Documentation Comments]

• MOD-2.C.3 A precondition is a condition that must be true just prior to the execution of a section of program code in order for the method to behave as expected. There is no expectation that the method will check to ensure preconditions are satisfied.

• MOD-2.C.4 A postcondition is a condition that must always be true after the execution of a section of program code. Postconditions describe the outcome of the execution in terms of what is being returned or the state of an object.

• MOD-2.C.5 Programmers write method code to satisfy the postconditions when preconditions are met. 

ACM CCECC

[Using Methods]

• SDF-14. Analyze programming code that utilizes preconditions, postconditions, and invariants.  

 ACM/IEEE/AAAI CS2023

• Explain the importance of algorithms in the problem-solving process. 

• Demonstrate how a problem may be solved by multiple algorithms, each with different properties.

• Read a given program, and explain what it does 

• Trace the flow of control during the execution of a program (both correct and incorrect). 

• Use appropriate terminology to identity elements of a program (e.g., identifier, operator, operand)

• Reading and explaining code 

• Basic concepts such as variables, primitive data types, expression evaluation, assignment, etc. 

• Apply basic programming style guidelines to aid readability of programs such as comments, indentation, proper naming of variables, etc.

• Basic testing (perhaps using suitable frameworks) including test case design

• Basic concepts such as variables, primitive data types, expression evaluation, assignment, etc. 

• Key modularity constructs such as functions (and methods and classes, if supported in the language) and related concepts like parameter passing, scope, abstraction, data encapsulation, etc.

• Input and output using files, console, and APIs

• Design, write, test, and debug a program that uses each of the following fundamental programming constructs: assignment and expressions, simple I/O, conditional and iterative structures, functions with parameter passing. 

• Write a program that uses file I/O to provide persistence across multiple executions. 

• Write a program that creates simple classes and instantiates objects of those classes (if supported by the language)

• Use appropriate terminology to identity elements of a program (e.g., identifier, operator, operand)