Kiingitanga – Whaiaa ko te mana motuhake 

Te Kiingitanga (the Maaori King movement) began in 1858 to halt the sale of land, stop inter-tribal warfare and promote Maaori Mana Motuhake (self determination).   The second King Taawhiao was a man of peace and a prophet. He was deeply affected by his people's loss of land at the Native Land Courts. The whakatauki that evolved during this time is,  "Ko Arekahaanara tooku haaona kaha, Ko Kemureti tooku oko horoi. Ko Ngaaruawaahia tooku Tuurangawaewae."   Alexandra (now Pirongia) will be a symbol of my strength of character, Cambridge a wash bowl of my sorrow and Ngaaruawaahia my place to stand."  King Taawhiao visited Cambridge in 1881 and a banquet was held in his honour.