Research

My research has focused on understanding Canadian labour markets and the policies that impact our decisions and well-being.

My Google Scholar profile is here

Peer-reviewed journal articles

Ferrer, A., Y. Pan and T. Schirle. 2023. “The work trajectories of married Canadian immigrant women, 2006-2019.” Journal of International Migration and Integration. Vol. 24, pp. 697-716. (PDF , DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-023-01011-1 )
Milligan, K. and T. Schirle. 2021. “The Evolution of Longevity: Evidence from Canada.” Canadian Journal of Economics. DOI:10.1111/caje.12497 (Final draft, or NBER WP 24929)
Lemieux, T., K. Milligan, T. Schirle and M. Skuterud. 2020. “Initial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Canadian labour market.” Canadian Public Policy. COVID-19 special issue, DOI: 10.3138/cpp.2020-049.
Milligan, K. and T. Schirle. 2019. “Push and Pull: Disability Insurance, Regional Labor Markets, and Benefit Generosity in Canada and the United States.” Journal of Labor Economics, vol. 37, no. S2, July 2019: S289-S323. (NBER WP 23405) (This volume was awarded the 2020 Doug Purvis Memorial Prize.)
Milligan, K. and T. Schirle. 2018. “Health and capacity to work of older Canadians: Gender and regional dimensions.” Canadian Public Policy, June 2018, 44(2): 159- 172.
Legree, S., T. Schirle and M. Skuterud. 2017. “The Effect of Labor Relations Laws on Unionization Rates within the Labor Force: Evidence from the Canadian Provinces“Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, 56(4): 605-639.
Koebel, K. and T. Schirle. 2016. “The differential impact of universal child benefits on the labour supply of married and single mothers” Canadian Public Policy, March 2016, 42(1): 49-64.
Schirle, T. 2015. “The gender wage gap in the Canadian Provinces, 1997-2014.”Canadian Public Policy, Vol. 41(4), December 2015, 309-319. https://doi.org/10.3138/cpp.2015-012
Schirle, T. 2015. “The effect of universal child benefits on labour supply.” Canadian Journal of Economics. Vol. 48(2), May 2015, 437-463. https://doi.org/10.1111/caje.12132
Ariizumi, Hideki, Yaqin Hu and T. Schirle. 2015. “Stand together or alone? Family structure and the business cycle in Canada.” Review of Economics of the Household. Volume 13(1), March 2015, 135-161. DOI: 10.1007/s11150-013-9195-8
Schirle, T. 2013. “Senior poverty in Canada: A decomposition analysis.” Canadian Public Policy, Volume 39(4) December 2013, 517-540.
Ariizumi, Hideki and T. Schirle. 2012. “Are Recessions Really Good for Your Health? Evidence From Canada.” Social Science & Medicine, Vol. 74, April 2012, pp. 1224- 1231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.12.038
Schirle, T. 2012. “Age-adjusted measures of earnings inequality in the United States, 1980-2010.” Economics Bulletin, Vol. 32, no.3, pp. 2662-2669.
Schirle, T. 2012. “Wage Losses of Displaced Older Men: Does Selective Retirement Bias Results?” Canadian Public Policy, Vol. 38(1) March 2012, pp. 1-13.
Lu, Yuqian, René Morissette, and T. Schirle. 2011. “The Growth of Family Earnings Inequality in Canada, 1980-2005.” Review of Income and Wealth, Vol. 57, Issue 1, pp. 23-29.
Schirle, T. 2010. “Health, Pensions, and the Retirement Decision: Evidence from Canada” Canadian Journal On Aging, Vol. 29 no. 4, pp. 519-527.
Schirle, T. 2008. “Why Have the Labour Force Participation Rates of Older Men Increased Since the Mid-1990s?” Journal of Labor Economics. Vol. 26 no.4 (October 2008) pp. 549-594. https://doi.org/10.1086/589457
Milligan, Kevin and T. Schirle. 2008. “Improving the Labour Market Incentives in Canada’s Public Pension System” Canadian Public Policy Vol. 34, no.3 (September 2008) pp. 281-304.

Book chapters and other publications

Milligan, K. and T. Schirle. Forthcoming. "The Economics of Long Term Care in Canada." in J. Gruber and K. McGarry, Long Term Care Around the World. NBER Book Series, University of Chicago Press.
Milligan, K. and T. Schirle. Forthcoming. "Retirement decisions and retirement incentives: new evidence from Canada." in A. Börsch-Supan and C. Coile, Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World: The Effects of Reforms on Retirement Behavior. NBER Book Series, University of Chicago Press.
Schirle, T. 2023. “Pensions, retirement incentives, and the role of inflation.” Canadian Tax Journal (Policy Forum), 71:2 https://doi.org/10.32721/ctj.2023.71.2.pf.schirle .
Michaud, P-C., Milligan, K. and T. Schirle. 2023. “Guest Editors’ Introduction: Pensions, Retirement, Longevity, and Long-Term Care II.” Canadian Public Policy, 49(S1) February 2023.
Michaud, P-C., Milligan, K. and T. Schirle. 2022. “Guest Editors’ Introduction: Pensions, Retirement, Longevity, and Long-Term Care.” Canadian Public Policy, 48(S2) November 2022. https://doi.org/10.3138/cpp.48.S2-001
Schirle, T. 2022. “Gender dimensions of the COVID-19 recession on the Canadian labour market.” In Robson, J. and L. Tedds (eds.) Impacts of COVID-19 on Women in Canada, Royal Society of Canada Collection of Essays. November 2022. PDF (The volume was awarded honourable mention by the Doug Purvis Memorial Prize Committee.)
Ferrer, A., Pan, Y, and T. Schirle. 2022. “Uneven Odds: Men, Women and the Obstacles to Getting Back to Work with Kids.” C.D. Howe Institute E-Brief, September 2022.
Petit, Gillian, L.M. Tedds and T. Schirle. 2021. “An examination of the Conservative Party of Canada’s proposed childcare refundable tax credit.” School of Public Policy publication, August 2021.
Milligan, K. and T. Schirle. 2021. “Retirement Incentives and Canada’s Social Security Programs.” In Social Security Programs Around the World: Reforms and Retirement Incentives, Courtney Coile and Axel Borsch-Supan (eds.) NBER Books Series. University of Chicago Press. February 2021.
Schirle, T. and M. Sogaolu. 2020. “A Work in Progress: Measuring Wage Gaps for Women and Minorities in the Canadian Labour Market.” C.D. Howe Institute Commentary no. 561. January 2020.
Milligan, K. and T. Schirle. 2019. “The labour force participation of older men in Canada.” In Social Security Programs Around the World: Working Longer, Courtney C. Coile, Kevin Milligan, David A. Wise (ed.) NBER Book Series. University of Chicago Press. (NBER WP 24874)
Milligan, K. and T. Schirle. 2018. “Rich Man, Poor Man: The Policy Implications of Canadians Living Longer.” C.D. Howe Institute E-Brief 282, August 2018.
Schirle, T. and M.R. Veall. 2018. “Retirement in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.” In P. Raina, C. Wolfson, S. Kirkland, and L. Griffith (eds.) The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) Report on Health and Aging in Canada, Findings from Baseline Data Collection 2010-2015, May 2018, https://www.clsa- elcv.ca/doc/2639
Schirle, T. 2017. “Gender equity and the income tax system” in Income Tax at 100 Years: Essays and Reflections on the Income War Tax Act, Jinyan Li, J. Scott Wilkie and Larry F. Chapman, eds., Canadian Tax Foundation.
Milligan, K. and T. Schirle. 2017. “Health Capacity to work at Older Ages: Evidence from Canada.” In Social Security Programs Around the World: The Capacity to Work at Older Ages, David A. Wise (ed.) NBER Book Series. University of Chicago Press.
Legree, S., T. Schirle, and M. Skuterud. 2016. “Can Labour Relations Reform Reduce Wage Inequality?” In Green DA, Riddell C, St-Hilaire F. (eds.), Income Inequality: The Canadian Story (Montreal: Institute for Research on Public Policy), 399-434. (The book was awarded the Doug Purvis Prize in 2017)
Milligan, K. and T. Schirle. 2016. “Option Value of Disability Insurance in Canada.” inSocial Security Programs Around the World: Disability Insurance Programs and Retirement, David A. Wise (ed.) NBER Book Series. University of Chicago Press.
Milligan, K. and T. Schirle. 2016. “The Pressing Question: Does CPP Expansion Help Low Earners?” C.D. Howe Institute E-Brief, July 2016.
Milligan, K. and T. Schirle. 2014. “Simulated Replacement Rates for CPP Reform Options.” The School of Public Policy SPP Research Papers, Volume 7, Issue 7, March 2014.
Laurin, Alexandre, Kevin Milligan and Tammy Schirle. 2012. “Comparing nest eggs: how CPP reform affects retirement choices.” C.D. Howe Institute Commentary No. 352, May 2012.
Milligan, K. and T. Schirle. 2009. “Working while receiving a pension: Will double dipping change the elderly labour market?” in Retirement Policy Issues in Canada. Edited by Michael G. Abbott, Charles M. Beach, Robin W. Boadway, and James G. MacKinnon. McGill-Queen’s University Press.
Neill, C. and T. Schirle. 2009. “Remain , retrain or retire: Options for older workers following job loss” in Retirement Policy Issues in Canada. Edited by Michael G. Abbott, Charles M. Beach, Robin W. Boadway, and James G. MacKinnon. McGill- Queen’s University Press.
Schirle, T. 2008. “Greener Pastures: Understanding the impact of retirement incentives in defined-benefit pension plans” C.D.Howe Institute Commentary No. 262, May 2008.
Fortin, N.M. and T. Schirle. 2006. “Gender Dimensions of Changes in Earnings Inequality in Canada” in Dimensions of Inequality in Canada, ed. David A. Green and Jonathan R. Kesselman. Vancouver: UBC Press. (The book was awarded the 2007 Doug Purvis Prize by the Canadian Economics Association.)

Books

Benjamin, D., M. Gunderson, T. Lemieux, T. Schirle, and W.C. Riddell. 2021. Labour Market Economics, 9th ed. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson. (more information)

Recent short articles, commentary, and reports

Robson, J., L.M. Tedds and T. Schirle. 2022. “The federal dental plan may fall short of expectations.” Policy Options, IRPP, December 1, 2022.
Ferrer, A. and T. Schirle. 2022. “Helping moms find their way back to work.” C.D. Howe Institute Intelligence memo, October 14, 2022.
Petit, G., L.M. Tedds, and T. Schirle. 2021. “The Conservatives’ child care plan will help poorer families but reinforce regional inequity.” Policy Options, IRPP, September 10, 2021
Schirle, T. 2021. “The illusion of a narrowing gender wage gap in 2020.” CD Howe Institute Intelligence Memo, March 8, 2021.
Schirle, T. and M. Skuterud. 2020. “Long-term joblessness: a significant policy challenge on the horizon?” CD Howe Institute Intelligence memo, October 20, 2020.
Schirle, T. 2020. “Unemployment in the 21st Century” CD Howe Institute Intelligence memo, October 7, 2020.
Schirle, T. and M. Skuterud. 2020. “The challenge of designing income support programs for the self-employed” Finances of the Nation commentary, September 22, 2020.
Schirle, T. 2020. “Post-CERB plan in costly, but alternative would be worse.” First Policy Response comment, August 21, 2020.
Schirle, T. and M. Skuterud. 2020. “Job Search, New Jobs, and What it means for future policy.” CD Howe Institute Intelligence memo, August 12, 2020.
Schirle, T. and M. Skuterud. 2020. “The moms are not all right.” CD Howe Institute Intelligence memo, July 15, 2020.
Lemieux, T., Schirle, T. and M. Skuterud. 2020. “Initial impacts of COVID-19 on the labour market.” CD Howe Institute Intelligence Memo, June 12, 2020.
Schirle, T., K. Milligan, and M. Skuterud. 2020. “What April’s Jobs Data Shows for the Future.” CD Howe Institute Intelligence Memo, May 13, 2020.
Schirle, T. 2020. “Designing a CERB that supports efforts to re-open the economy.” CD Howe Institute Intelligence Memo, May 12, 2020.
Schirle, T. K. Milligan and M. Skuterud. 2020. “Digging one level deeper into March’s workforce numbers.” CD Howe Institute Intelligence Memo, April 14, 2020.
Milligan, K. and T. Schirle. 2020. “A Labour Force Survey pandemic primer.” CD Howe Institute Intelligence Memo, April 8, 2020.
Schirle, T. 2020. “The next piece of the puzzle.” CD Howe Institute Intelligence Memo, March 19, 2020.
Schirle, T. and M. Sogaolu. 2020. “The broad and persistent wage gaps in Canada’s labour market.” February 20, 2020.
Schirle, T. “Ministerial mandate letter: Minister of Women and Gender Equality.” CD Howe Institute, October 22, 2019.