Ultra Sonic Object Detector

Video Demo

The following link contains the datasheet which was used to create the functioning library that was used in this project --> HCSR04 DATASHEET

Learning Outcomes

Like all projects there are learning out comes for them. In this project I was able to practice creating a library for the Arduino Uno board which, in turn, allowed me to increase my proficiency and understanding of C++. Moreover, this project allowed me build from the ground up an actual usable component which went through various project management phases. In addition to, I was able to attain more hands on experience and practice with PCB design and schematic design using Proteus: ISIS and ARES. Lastly, one of the outcomes of this project, which i believe to be extremely important, is that I was able to gather more skills, as an engineer, in trouble shooting be determine what some of the kinks and glitches that maybe causing problems in the library + being able to determine what form of offsets needed to be applied to deliver the most accurate measurements as possible.

Introduction

The idea behind this project was the concept of the object detection that is present on most modern motor vehicles now a days. The purpose of this device is to determine if an object is present within a max range of four meters. The gathered data is displayed on the LCD screen. A set of 3 LED were set up to display a color coded representation of how far an object is determined by the sensor. And lastly a Piezo buzzer is used to emit a noise if an object is determined to be too close to the sensor--this is exactly how the sensors on the modern vehicles operate.

Technical Details

This project involved many different components working together as a whole system. As whole this system is made up of five (5) different parts.

Arduino Uno micro-controller: Is the brains of the system where it provides the power to the system and also controls the I/O pins.
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD): This unit is used to display the numeric value of how far the detected device is. If something is not detected then the LCD will display the corresponding text. The LCD is operating on the 16x2 display mode and a generic arduino uno LCD library is used to communicate with the LCD screen.
HCSR04 (ultra sonic sensor module): This module is the main focus of this system and project. This device is being controlled via a custom library that was written by me using the C++ language. The specification of how this module operates was gathered from the datasheet. Using that information i was able to create a functioning library that communicates with this unit.
Pizeo buzzer: This unit's emits a sound of varying frequency depending on how close an object is detected to the system. if an object is not detected under 20 inches away then the unit will not emit any sound. the close the object gets the higher the frequency the unit will emit.
parallel set of LED(red, green, and yellow): These just provide a color coding signal which corresponds with how far or close an object is detected.

System Schematics

This is the system bare-bone outline schematic that was created utilizing Proteus 8 simulation software (ISIS). It shows all the components used and their respective connections. The actual orientation of the components do not match that of the ones depicted in this image.

This is the PCB blue print that was generated using ARES which is part of the program Proteus 8. The components and connections from the schematic was imported over and there interconnections were made for a specific PCB dimension. This File can later be used to professionally print out the component.

The 3D rendition of what the PCB would look like if it were printed out.

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