Residual stress and distortion

Most of the fusion and solid state welding processes is associated with residual stress generation. The nature and distribution of residual stress is significant in a manufactured component. The metallurgical aspect also influences the level of residual stress apart from mechanical constraints in a welded structure. The distribution of residual stress is process specific (laser, arc or electron beam welding).

• Residual stress including phase transformation kinetics - P1, P2

• Residual stress and distortion - P1, P2, P3