SDGs 8
合適的工作及經濟成長 | Decent Work and Economic Growth
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花 4 分鐘快速理解相關觀念｜ Let's Take a Quick Glance at the Relevant Concepts Of SDGs 8
SDGs 8 Goal｜促進、包容永續的經濟成長，使每個人都能有一份好工作
Promote Sustained, Inclusive and Sustainable Economic Growth, Full and Productive Employment and Decent Work for All
Source: UNESCO l 聯合國教科文組織
SDGs 8 包含了哪些細項目標? What Targets and Indicators are Included in SDGs 8?
細項目標 Target
8.1 依據國情維持人均經濟成長，尤其最低度開發國家（LDCs）的國內生產毛額（GDP）成長率，每年至少需達7%。
Sustain per capita economic growth in accordance with national circumstances and, in particular, at least 7 per cent gross domestic product growth per annum in the least developed countries.
指標 Indicator
8.1.1 增加人均實際國內生產毛額（GDP）的年增長率。
Annual growth rate of real GDP per capita.
細項目標 Target
8.2 透過多元化、技術升級與創新，實現更高水平的經濟生產力，包括將焦點集中在高附加價值與勞動密集產業。
Achieve higher levels of economic productivity through diversification, technological upgrading and innovation, including through a focus on high-value added and labour-intensive sectors.
指標 Indicator
8.2.1 增加每個就業者的實際國內生產毛額（GDP） 的年增長率。
Annual growth rate of real GDP per employed person.
細項目標 Target
8.3 推動開發導向的政策，促進支持生產活動、創造合宜就業機會、創業精神、創意與創新，並透過提供財務服務等方式，鼓勵微型與中小企業實現正規化與成長。
Promote development-oriented policies that support productive activities, decent job creation, entrepreneurship, creativity and innovation, and encourage the formalization and growth of micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises, including through access to financial services.
指標 Indicator
8.3.1 按照部門和性別劃分，增加非正規就業佔總就業的比例。
Proportion of informal employment in total employment, by sector and sex.
細項目標 Target
8.4 到2030年前，逐步改善全球的資源使用與生產效率，依據「永續消費和生產的十年計畫（10-year framework of programmes）」，努力使經濟增長與環境退化脫鉤，且已開發國家應成為表率。
Improve progressively, through 2030, global resource efficiency in consumption and production and endeavour to decouple economic growth from environmental degradation, in accordance with the 10-Year Framework of Programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production, with developed countries taking the lead.
指標 Indicator
8.4.1 改善物質足跡、人均物質足跡和單位國內生產毛額（GDP） 之物質足跡。
Material footprint, material footprint per capita, and material footprint per GDP.
8.4.2 改善國內物質消耗、人均國內物質消耗、單位國內生產毛額（GDP）之國內物質消耗。
Domestic material consumption, domestic material consumption per capita, and domestic material consumption per GDP.
細項目標 Target
8.5 到2030年前，實現全面生產性就業，且每個成年人都能獲得合宜工作，包括青年與身心障礙者，並具同工同酬的待遇。
By 2030, achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men, including for young people and persons with disabilities, and equal pay for work of equal value.
指標 Indicator
8.5.1 按照職業、年齡和殘疾人劃分，增加女性和男性僱員的平均小時收入。
Average hourly earnings of female and male employees, by occupation, age and persons with disabilities.
8.5.2 降低按性別、年齡和殘疾人劃分的失業率。
Unemployment rate, by sex, age and persons with disabilities.
細項目標 Target
8.6 2020年前，大幅降低失業、未受教育或培訓的青年比例。
By 2020, substantially reduce the proportion of youth not in employment, education or training.
指標 Indicator
8.6.1 降低未接受教育、就業或培訓的青少年（15-24 歲）的比例。
Proportion of youth (aged 15-24 years) not in education, employment or training.
細項目標 Target
8.7 立即採取有效措施來消除強迫勞動、結束現代奴隸制度、人口販賣，確保禁止與消除最惡劣形式的童工，包括童兵的招募使用，並在2025年終結一切形式的童工。
Take immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking and secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour, including recruitment and use of child soldiers, and by 2025 end child labour in all its forms.
指標 Indicator
8.7.1 按照性別和年齡劃分，降低 5-17 歲兒童從事童工的比例和人數。
Proportion and number of children aged 5‑17 years engaged in child labour, by sex and age.
細項目標 Target
8.8 保護勞工的權益，為所有工人創造安全和有保障的工作環境，包括外籍移工，尤其是婦女移工以及從事危險工作的勞工。
Protect labour rights and promote safe and secure working environments for all workers, including migrant workers, in particular women migrants, and those in precarious employment.
指標 Indicator
8.8.1 按照性別和移民身份劃分，降低每 10 萬名工人的致命和非致命職業傷害。
Fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries per 100,000 workers, by sex and migrant status.
8.8.2 根據國際勞工組織 (ILO) 文本來源和國家立法，按性別和移民身份劃分，提高國家遵守勞工權利（結社自由和集體談判）的程度。
Level of national compliance with labour rights (freedom of association and collective bargaining) based on International Labour Organization (ILO) textual sources and national legislation, by sex and migrant status.
細項目標 Target
8.9 到2030年前，制定及實施政策推動永續觀光旅遊產業，以創造就業機會，並推廣地方文化與產品。
By 2030, devise and implement policies to promote sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products.
指標 Indicator
8.9.1 增加旅遊業之直接性國內生產毛額（GDP）佔GDP總量的比重及增長率。
Tourism direct GDP as a proportion of total GDP and in growth rate.
細項目標 Target
8.10 強化國內金融機構的能力，鼓勵且拓展所有人取得銀行、保險和金融服務的機會。
Strengthen the capacity of domestic financial institutions to encourage and expand access to banking, insurance and financial services for all.
指標 Indicator
8.10.1 擴大(a) 每 100,000 名成年人擁有的商業銀行分行數量及(b) 每 100,000 名成年人擁有的自動櫃員機 (ATM) 數量。
(a) Number of commercial bank branches per 100,000 adults and (b) number of automated teller machines (ATMs) per 100,000 adults.
8.10.2 增加在銀行、其他金融機構或移動貨幣服務提供商擁有賬戶的成年人（15 歲及以上）比例。
Proportion of adults (15 years and older) with an account at a bank or other financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider.
細項目標 Target
8.a 提高給開發中國家的貿易協助資源，尤其是最低度開發國家（LDCs），包括向最低度開發國家提供貿易相關技術援助之強化整合框架。
Increase Aid for Trade support for developing countries, in particular least developed countries, including through the Enhanced Integrated Framework for Trade-Related Technical Assistance to Least Developed Countries.
指標 Indicator
8.a.1 增加貿易援助承諾和支出。
Aid for Trade commitments and disbursements.
細項目標 Target
8.b 到2020年前，制定及實施青年人口就業的全球策略，並落實國際勞工組織的「全球就業協議（Global Jobs Pact of the International Labour Organization）」。
By 2020, develop and operationalize a global strategy for youth employment and implement the Global Jobs Pact of the International Labour Organization.
指標 Indicator
8.b.1 制定並實施國家青年就業戰略，使其成為一項獨特戰略或國家就業戰略的一部分。
Existence of a developed and operationalized national strategy for youth employment, as a distinct strategy or as part of a national employment strategy.
SDGs 8 實際案例｜ Case Study of SDGs 8
#1 Tony's chocolonely 改善可可童工問題
商品貨架上一片片價格低廉的巧克力，是能讓我們放鬆心情、又可輕易獲得的食物，然而，這項口味甜膩、令人心情愉悅的產品背後，可能隱藏著苦不堪言的奴隸制度。
可可是製造巧克力的主要原料。全球 60% 的可可皆由非洲迦納與象牙海岸的 250 萬位可可農所種植，其中有 230 萬位為 6-9 歲的兒童，他們多在不人道的環境下工作，每天可能會用到不同的化學用品、尖銳的開山刀，甚至還需要扛著一袋袋約 64 公斤的可可豆。然而，荷蘭的巧克力商通常只支付 5%-6% 的巧克力費用給可可農，每人每天只有約 72 歐元可花費，處於極度不公平的狀態。
而Tony’s Chocolonely是以「改善奴隸問題」為宗旨的巧克力公司。它呼籲：「一片巧克力帶起零奴隸革命！即使我們是滄海一粟，仍可為世界帶來巨大的影響力。」不只是改變消費者、零售商的行為，Tony’s Chocolonely 也竭力帶動巧克力商製造 100% 零奴隸制度的巧克力。他們向業界同仁宣導及溝通，巧克力不僅美味，還能友善環境、尊重人權，更呼籲身在此行業的夥伴需要為自己使用的原料負起責任。
The inexpensive pieces of chocolate on the shelves are a relaxing, easy-to-get treat, but behind this sweet, delightful product lies a system of slavery.
Cocoa is the main ingredient in chocolate. 60% of the world's cocoa is grown by 2.5 million cocoa farmers in Ghana and Ivory Coast, Africa, 2.3 million of whom are children between the ages of 6 and 9 years old, working in inhumane conditions where they may use different chemicals, sharp knives, and even carry 64 kilograms of cocoa beans on their backs. However, Dutch chocolatiers usually pay only 5%-6% of the cost of chocolate to cocoa farmers, leaving each person with only about 72 euros a day to spend, which is an extremely inequal situation.
Tony's Chocolonely is a chocolate company with a mission to "improve slavery". It calls for: "A piece of chocolate to bring about a zero-slavery revolution! Even if we are just a drop in the ocean, we can still make a huge impact on the world". More than just changing the behavior of consumers and retailers, Tony's Chocolonely is also working to motivate chocolatiers to make 100% slavery-free chocolate. They promote and communicate to their industry colleagues that chocolate is not only delicious, but also environmentally friendly and respectful of human rights, and urge those in the industry to take responsibility for the ingredients they use.
Source: BarTalks
#2 加德滿都 Kathmandu 保護團隊和客戶的健康和福祉
Kathmandu 的目標就是成為「對世界最好」，而其 5 年永續策略計畫下分別開展「對環境最好」、「對人最好」及透過商業影響力評估（B Impact Assessment, BIA）來實踐。
有別於其他公司，Kathmandu不只看業績，而是將整體的領導團隊成效如對當地社區支持、出色的客戶服務，及是否能高度支持其團隊和店面的其他成員等等都納入考核的指標。
此外，加德滿都的員工身心靈安全方案更擴及其財務及心理的健康，因上癮及精神憂鬱等早已證明是影響員工生產力的重要因素。包含心理健康 、上癮者的支援以及財務健康，不但保障了員工的權益，同時也讓員工的身心狀態處於最好的狀態。
Kathmandu's goal is to be the 'Best for the World', and its 5-year sustainability program is based on 'Best for the Planet', 'Best for People' and Practice through Business Impact Assessment (BIA).
Unlike other companies, Kathmandu doesn't just look at performance, but also at overall team leadership outcome such as support for the local community, excellent customer service, and high levels of support for the rest of the team and store.
In addition, Kathmandu's wellbeing program extends to financial and psychological wellbeing, as addiction and depression have long been proven to be important factors in staff productivity. The inclusion of mental health, addiction support and financial wellbeing not only protects the rights of employees, but also keeps them in the best physical and mental condition.
Source: Kathmandu
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