Enhancing Communication:
The Positive Impact of AAC Devices for Nonverbal Neurodivergent Students in Elementary Education
Abstract
Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) devices have revolutionized the educational landscape for nonverbal neurodivergent children, offering unprecedented opportunities for self-expression and learning. These sophisticated tools serve multiple critical functions: enabling students to communicate basic needs and wants, facilitating engagement with complex academic content, fostering meaningful social interactions, and perhaps most significantly, providing individuals with an authentic voice in their daily lives (ASHA, 2022; Dixon & O'Hara, 2006; Wilkinson & Madel, 2019).
This qualitative study investigated the methodologies and strategies employed by special education teachers and speech therapists in teaching core vocabulary through high-tech AAC devices (ASHA, 2022). The research spanned multiple educational environments, including one-on-one therapy sessions, special education classrooms, and general education settings, examining how these professionals integrate AAC systems across various contexts (ASHA, 2022; Coleman, 2020; Schreiber & Valle, 2013). Through in-depth interviews with educators and speech-language pathologists, the study addressed several critical questions: What type and quality of training were professionals provided to support AAC implementation? What measurable positive impacts emerged within school environments? How were AAC devices effectively integrated into general education classrooms? How did systematic core language instruction influence students' proficiency with their speech-generating devices? The research particularly focused on understanding the intersection between theoretical knowledge and practical application in real educational settings (Creswell & Poth, 2024).
The findings of this study offer substantial practical implications for educational professionals working with AAC users. For special education teachers, speech therapists, and general education teachers, the research provides evidence-based strategies for implementing core vocabulary instruction across elementary school environments (ASHA, 2022). The study documented both successful approaches and significant challenges, revealing specific support structures that facilitated effective implementation and identifying critical gaps in current curriculum frameworks (Vygotsky, 1978; Vygotsky, 1934). Notably, the research highlighted the importance of cross-disciplinary collaboration and consistent implementation across different educational settings (Creswell & Poth, 2024; Vygotsky, 1978; Vygotsky, 1934). The investigation also uncovered several key factors that influence successful AAC integration, including professional development opportunities, administrative support, and peer engagement strategies. These insights led to the development of specific recommendations for curriculum design, professional training programs, and support systems necessary for effective AAC implementation (ASHA, 2022; Coleman, 2020; Schreiber & Valle, 2013).
The study concludes with detailed recommendations for expanding this research, suggesting future investigations into long-term outcomes, the role of family involvement, and the impact of different technological platforms on student success. These findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge about AAC implementation in educational settings and provide a foundation for developing more effective support systems for nonverbal neurodivergent students (Medina, 2019).
(NIMH, 2024)
Neurodivergent individuals have not always had the acceptance in society as they do now. In the past, a neurodivergent person was mostly considered a person with autism. Neurodivergent individuals are more than autism, but include: Schizoaffective disorder, Bipolar, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Dyslexia, Color Blindness, Left-handedness, ADHD, Learning disabilities, sensory processing disorders, and Autism Spectrum Disorder (NIMH, 2024).
Supporting Our Nonverbal Neurodiverse Students: A Teacher's Perspective
The first time I worked with a nonverbal student, I learned that communication goes far beyond words. In our elementary classroom, we've discovered that success begins with creating an environment where every child feels seen, understood, and capable of learning – regardless of how they communicate.
Building the Foundation
The most important step is establishing trust. Before any formal learning can take place, our nonverbal students need to know they're in a safe space. I've found that consistent routines, clear visual schedules, and predictable responses to their communication attempts help create this security. When students know what to expect, anxiety decreases, and learning can flourish.
Communication First
We start by meeting our students where they are. Some use picture exchange communication systems (PECS), others prefer tablets with communication apps, and some communicate through gestures or body language. The key is recognizing and validating all forms of communication. I remember watching Alex's face light up when we finally found the right combination of visual supports and technology that allowed him to share his thoughts about his favorite dinosaurs.
Creating a Responsive Environment
Our classroom setup matters more than you might think. We've organized learning stations with clear visual labels and boundaries. Sensory breaks are built into our schedule, and we've created quiet spaces where students can retreat when feeling overwhelmed. Every element is designed to support both communication and independence.
The Power of Presumed Competence
One of the most crucial aspects of our approach is presuming competence. We assume our students understand and are capable of learning, even if they can't show it in traditional ways. This mindset shift changes everything – from how we speak to our students to how we present learning materials.
Personalizing Learning Approaches
Every nonverbal student learns differently. Maria responds well to movement-based learning, while James connects with musical elements. We use multiple modalities – visual, tactile, auditory – and observe carefully to understand what works best for each child. Sometimes, our most significant breakthroughs come from following their lead and interests.
Building Peer Connections
We actively foster an inclusive classroom community. Through structured activities and modeling, we teach all students different ways to communicate and interact with their peers. It's beautiful to watch neurotypical students naturally adapt their communication style to connect with their nonverbal classmates during group activities.
The Role of Technology
While technology can be a powerful tool, we're careful not to rely on it exclusively. We use a blend of high-tech and low-tech solutions, always ensuring that students have multiple ways to communicate and engage with learning materials. Sometimes, a simple visual choice board works better than the most sophisticated app.
Parent Partnership
Success extends beyond our classroom walls. We work closely with families to ensure consistency between home and school. Regular communication helps us understand what strategies work at home and how we can support each other. Parents often provide invaluable insights into their child's communication preferences and interests.
Measuring Progress Differently
Traditional assessments don't always capture our students' growth accurately. We celebrate small victories – the first time a student independently uses their communication system to make a choice, or when they engage in a new learning activity. Progress might look different for each student, but it's no less significant.
Looking Forward
As we continue this journey, we're constantly learning and adapting our approaches. Each nonverbal student teaches us something new about communication, learning, and human connection. The key is remaining flexible, patient, and always open to new ways of supporting these remarkable students.
The most important lesson I've learned is that being nonverbal doesn't mean having nothing to say. Our job is to provide the tools, support, and opportunities for these students to show us who they are and what they know. When we get this right, the results are transformative – not just for our students, but for our entire school community.
Core vocabulary forms the foundation of language acquisition, encompassing both basic Tier 1 words (like "happy," "big," and "go") and more sophisticated Tier 2 words (such as "analyze" and "interpret"). While Tier 1 words emerge naturally through everyday communication, Tier 2 words require more intentional instruction but are essential for developing strong language skills (ASHA, 2022). Core vocabulary is particularly crucial because these words make up approximately 80% of what we say daily, allowing students to express a wide range of thoughts and needs with a relatively small set of versatile words (ASHA, 2022). By focusing on both tiers of vocabulary, educators can help students build the comprehensive language foundation needed for effective communication and understanding, setting them up for success in both academic and social contexts.
(Hatch et al., 2017)
Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) is a set of tools and strategies that help people without verbal speech communicate effectively. AAC can either supplement existing speech abilities (augmentative) or provide a complete alternative for those who cannot speak (alternative) (ASHA, 2022; Medina, 2019). These systems come in two main forms: unaided methods, which use body movements like signs and gestures, and aided methods, which use external tools ranging from simple picture boards to sophisticated electronic devices (Diamnte, 2019; Schreiber & Valle, 2013). Students are taught the skills to find core vocabulary words to express needs and wants (ASHA, 2022). This can be completed by using hands or eye gaze. These devices are a great way for students who are non-verbal to have a voice.
(L.A.M.P. Words for Life, 2025)
(George, 2021)