The material stuff in the everyday world is made of:

1. atoms

2. parts of atoms 

3. and a few other strange particles we can’t see.

Matter is just our word for substances made of particles that:

1. have mass 

2. take up space (have volume). 

The matter we normally encounter is made of atoms:

1. There are different ways the atoms can be arranged

2. There are also different forms matter can take, depending on how hot or cold it is. 

a. [Freezing point, melting point, boiling point.]

3. Atoms

Atoms are held together by energy:

1. Nothing anywhere can happen without energy being involved, and energy itself is

what holds everything together.

2. Energy is present in nature, holding everything together and enabling everything to happen.

    a. Energy can be transferred from place to place by sound, light, heat, and electric currents.

When groups of atoms come together, they form molecules ["bonds"]:

1. bond breaking is endothermic - energy is absorbed -  2. bond making is exothermic - energy is released

[ Borrowed from French endothermique, from endo- (“inside”) +‎ thermique (“of heat”), exo- (“outside”)both ultimately from Ancient Greek.]

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Whenever there is a change, there is at least one form of energy causing that change. We can investigate evidence of energy all around us—for example, when we flip on a light switch, feel a car start to move, or hear a phone ring.

The energy of the Sun and Earth’s gravity drives the cycling of water, going through changes of state, as it moves   through multiple pathways in Earth’s hydrosphere.

The relationship between energy and change:

1. energy may be observed in different forms, such as sound, light, thermal energy (heat), and electrical energy; 

2. all of these forms of energy can cause changes, such as when a high-pitched sound breaks glass or when heat melts butter; 

3. one form of energy can transform (convert) into another; and all change, in fact, is evidence of a transfer of energy or a transformation. 

4. engineers use their knowledge of energy as they develop solutions to problems and build things that are useful to people.

ENERGY NOTES IN BREIF:

• An object's energy is related to its speed

• Energy never disappears, it transfers and changes from one form of energy to another

• Energy can be transferred from place to place by sound,light,heat, and electric currents.

• Energy can be "stored" and turned into "motion"

• The changes in energy can include the change in object's motion,position,and the generation of heat and or sound.

• During a collision, energy transfer can cause an object to change location or position and/or generate heat or sound, but the object itself does not change.

• Energy and fuels that humans use are derived from natural sources. Some resources are renewable over time, and others are not.

Vocabulary:

kinetic,mass,quantitative,speed,sound,light,heat,currents,electricity,vibrations, source,solar powered,battery,collide,motion,position,generation,device,convert,stored, prototype, models,variables,controlled,failure