We are conducting a number of studies on astronomical and meteorological events chronicled in historical records spanning different epochs and regions worldwide. These studies are based on the interdisciplinary collaborations by astronomers, historians, and computational scientists. Our goals have two pillars: one is to unveil astronomical and meteorological events from over 100 years ago. Through this approach, we can indirectly investigate past astronomical activities such as solar activities, comets, supernovae, novae, etc. The other pillar is to reveal the long-term trends of astronomical events or weather records beyond an individual's lifetime, spanning over 100 years. These two types of information are not achievable with modern astronomy, which is limited to a history of less than 100 years.