Please reference as Tamboukou, Maria. 2025. "Epistolary auto/biographics", https://sites.google.com/view/soundscapesandechoes/home/kassia/autobiographics/the-bride-show
The famous bride-show episode enters the archive not through Kassia’s own writing but through a later narrative source: a chronicle attributed to Symeon the Logothete, composed in the century following her death. [1] It is here, rather than in any contemporary document, that the scene first appears. The chronicle recounts the bride-show said to have taken place at the imperial court in 829, when Empress Euphrosyne assembled young women for the selection of a bride for Theophilos. In Symeon’s version, Kassia is introduced not as a speaker but as an object of imperial scrutiny, her presence mediated entirely through ceremony and judgment:
She assembled young women of outstanding beauty. Among them was Kassia, an outstandingly beautiful young woman. There was also anothe called Theodora. Giving Theophilos a golden apple, Euphrosyne told him to give it to the young woman who pleased him most. Struck by Kassia’s beauty, Emperor Theophilos pronounced: ‘Ach, what a flood of terrible things came through woman!’ She replied, yet with modesty: ‘But also through woman better things spring.’ Stung to the heart by these words, Theophilos passed her by and gave the golden apple to Theodora, who came from Paphlagonia. [2]
Whether literary invention, stylized memory, or a fragment of oral tradition, the chronicle is the earliest sustained appearance of the scene. It delivers a recognizable episode but not a voice; it provides the event without the subject. The narrative does not preserve Kassia’s utterance so much as stage the conditions under which any utterance could be imagined.
This dynamic comes into sharper focus when considered through Hayden White’s theorization of chronicles and annals in The Content of the Form (1987). For White, such textual forms do not merely document events; they actively produce intelligibility. By arranging persons and actions into an implied sequence, they generate coherence, motive, and consequence where none need have been present. The chronicle is thus not a neutral container but a generative structure—one that confers meaning by the very act of listing, assigning shape to subjects through the narrative expectations it installs.
The brideshow episode participates fully in this logic. It renders Kassia intelligible not because she speaks, but because the form itself requires her to appear as a legible figure—visible, exemplary, narratable. Her subjectivity is not expressed; it is formatted. This becomes especially evident in the chronicler’s concluding gesture, where the episode is retroactively endowed with moral and narrative resolution: “As for Kassia, having lost out on an earthly kingdom, she built a convent, was shorn a nun, and until her death, led a philosophical life pleasing to God” . [3] In White’s terms, this closing line transforms a contingent moment into the prelude to a life-course, converting the brideshow from an anecdote into origin story, a hinge through which Kassia’s identity is made retrospectively coherent.
Here, then, the chronicle does not transmit a life; it makes one narratable. Kassia becomes the kind of subject the form demands—one whose meaning arises not from voice or self-inscription, but from the narrative architecture that precedes her. In this sense, the text organizes her legibility in advance. It identifies Kassia as someone who can be evaluated before she can be heard, someone whose narrative position conditions the very possibility of her voice. Even the rejoinder attributed to her functions less as a speech act than as what White would call a narrativizing device: an utterance that serves the logic of the story rather than the woman within it. The chronicle substitutes persona for presence, role for self; she appears not as a speaking subject, but as the position from which speech would need to be imagined.
Read through Gilmore (1994), this substitution is not accidental but structural: a demonstration of how a woman’s self may be written before being self-writing. And here Liz Stanley’s formulation of the auto/biographical I (1992) clarifies what is at stake. The brideshow does not sit on the autobiographical side nor the biographical side of the divide; it occupies the slash that separates them—the unstable interval where inscription by others eclipses self-inscription. It becomes a limit-case of auto/biography: the site where a subject appears only as the effect of discourse.
White’s analysis helps us see why this matters. If the chronicle is a form that produces coherence, then Kassia is not simply represented within it—she is generated by it. She emerges as a narratable figure because the archival form requires her to. The auto/biographical here is not authored but assigned. What the brideshow provides is not Kassia’s voice but the architecture that determines how—and whether—such a voice could ever enter the record.
Notes
[1] The story was repeated many times with slight variations (see Rochow 1967, 5–19) and "became a legend inherited by Balkan and Modern Greek folklore and literature" (Catafygiotu-Topping 1981, 204)
[2] In Patrologia Graeca 109:685 C-D. The translation is originally by Catafygiotu-Topping, 1981, 204, with slight modifications by Silvas 2006, 20-21.
[3] In Patrologia Graeca 109:685 C-D, translated by Catafygiotu-Topping, 1981, 204.
References
Catafygiotu-Topping Eva (1981) “Kassiane the Nun and the Sinful Woman”, Greek Orthodox Theological Review 26, 201–209.
Gillmore, Leigh. (1994). Autobiographics: A feminist theory of women’s self-representation. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Migne, Jacques-Paul, ed. Patrologia Graeca: Cursus Completus, Series Graeca. 161 vols. Paris: Migne, 1857–1866.Rochow, Ilse. (1967). Studien zu der Person, den Werken und dem Nachleben der Dicterin Kassia. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Silvas, Anna M. (2006) “Kassia the Nun c. 810–865: An Appreciation” in Byzantine Women: Varieties of Experience 800–1200, ed. Lynda Garland, Aldershot: Ashgate, pp. 17–39.Stanley, Liz. (1992.) The Auto/biographical I, Manchester: Manchester University Press.
White, Hayden. (1987). The Content of the Form: Narrative Discourse and Historical Representation . Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.