Please reference as: Tamboukou, Maria. 2026. "Hildegard of Bingen", https://sites.google.com/view/soundscapesandechoes/home/hildegard-von-bingen
Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179) reaches us first as a vibration. Before dates, before categories — mystic, composer, abbess, healer — there is a voice: lifted, tensile, carrying further than the walls that enclosed her life. She does not enter history quietly. She arrives in sound and light, in visions that blaze across parchment, in melodies that arc beyond the expected limits of breath. To approach her is not to assemble a neat biography, but to move within a field of intensities where writing, music, body, and cosmos remain in restless conversation.
Enclosed in religious life from childhood, Hildegard grew within structures designed to contain women’s speech. Yet what formed in her was not silence, but a different kind of authority — one she located in the experience of visionary seeing. She described her visions as lucid, wakeful encounters suffused with brightness, accompanied by a knowledge that was sensory as much as intellectual. These experiences did not remain private. They insisted on mediation: in the vast allegorical canvases of Scivias, in theological and medical treatises, in an extraordinary correspondence network that connected her to popes, emperors, abbots, and laypeople seeking counsel. Writing became the medium through which vision entered the shared world.
But Hildegard’s thought is never confined to the page. It moves in breath and tone. Her musical compositions — gathered under the title Symphonia armonie celestium revelationum — stretch the liturgical voice into sweeping, ecstatic lines that seem to trace the very motion of her visions. In the Ordo Virtutum, one of the earliest surviving liturgical dramas, abstract qualities take on sonic bodies: Virtues sing; the Devil shouts, unable to sustain melody. Theology here is not argued; it is staged, heard, and felt.
Across her writings runs the pulsing image of viriditas — greenness, vitality, the moist, generative force that courses through plants, bodies, and souls. It is at once metaphor and material principle, a way of naming the world’s ongoing creativity. Humans, in this vision, are not sovereign over creation but woven into its textures, microcosms resonating with larger cosmic patterns. Illness signals a rupture in these harmonies; healing is a work of re-attunement. Knowledge, too, is ecological: it grows, withers, and flourishes in relation.
What emerges, then, is not a singular, stable “self,” but a life composed through relations — to the divine, to community, to the elements, to the institutional Church she both inhabited and addressed with startling boldness. Hildegard preached publicly, founded independent convents, advised powerful men, and left a body of work that exceeds the categories later assigned to it. Yet her presence endures less as monument than as movement: a continual crossing between enclosure and world, humility and command, listening and proclamation.
To follow Hildegard’s traces is to encounter a medieval archive alive with sound, colour, and breath. Her legacy does not simply tell us what a twelfth-century woman achieved; it invites us into a different understanding of knowledge itself — as something sung as much as written, embodied as much as reasoned, received as much as made. In the long echo of her voice, the boundaries between matter and meaning, earth and heaven, human and more-than-human, begin to shimmer — and, for a moment, to sing.
Works by Hildegard von Bingen
Vita Sanctae Hildegardis. M. Klaes, Coprus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis, CCCM 126 (Turnhout Brepols, 1993)
Hildegardis Bingensis, Opera minora. H. Feiss, C. Evans, B. M. Kienzle, C. Muessig, B. Newman, P. Dronke eds., Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis CCCM 226 (Turnhout Brepols, 2007)
Hildegardis Bingensis, Opera minora II. C. P. Evans, J. Deploige, S. Moens, M. Embach, K. Gärtner eds., Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis CCCM 226a (Turnhout Brepols, 2014)
Hildegard von Bingen. Hildegard von Bingen's Physica: The Complete English Translation of Her Classic Work on Health and Healing. trans. Priscilla Throop. Healing Arts Press. 1998.
Hildegard of Bingen Homilies on the Gospels. ed. Beverley Mayne Kienzle. Cistercian Studies. 2011
Highley, Sarah L. Hildegard of Bingen's Unknown Language. An Edition Translation and Discussion. Palgrave Macmillan. 2007.
Saint Hildegard of Bingen. Symphonia: a Critical Edition of the Symphonia Armonie Celestium Revelationum [symphony of the Harmony of Celestial Revelations]. ed. and trans. Barbara Newman. 2nd ed. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998.
Hildegard of Bingen. Symphonia vol. 3 : The Holy Spirit. Edited by Marianne Richert Pfau with translations by Barbara Newman. Bryn Mawr: Hildegard Publishing Company, 1997.
LETTERS
Hildegardis Bingensis, Epistolarium pars prima I-XC edited by L. Van Acker, Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis CCCM 91A (Turnhout: Brepols, 1991)
Hildegardis Bingensis, Epistolarium pars secunda XCI-CCLr edited by L. Van Acker, Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis CCCM 91A (Turnhout: Brepols, 1993)
Hildegardis Bingensis, Epistolarium pars tertia CCLI-CCCXC edited by L. Van Acker and M. Klaes-Hachmoller, Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis XCIB (Turnhout: Brepols, 2001)
Hildegard of Bingen. The Letters of Hildegard of Bingen: Volume I. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Hildegard of Bingen. The Letters of Hildegard of Bingen: Volume II. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Hildegard of Bingen. The Letters of Hildegard of Bingen: Volume III. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.
Baird, Joseph L. (ed.), The Personal Correspondence of Hildegard of Bingen New York: Oxford University Press, 2006
SCIVIAS
Hildegardis Bingensis, Scivias. A. Führkötter, A. Carlevaris eds., Corpus Christianorum Scholars Version vols. 43, 43A. (Turnhout: Brepols, 2003)
Hildegard of Bingen: Scivias. trans. Mother Columba Hart and Jane Bishop. Paulist Press 1990.
Hildegard of Bingen. Scivias by Hildegard of Bingen: The English Translation from the Critical Latin Edition. trans. Bruce Hozeski. Bear & Co. 1985.
LIBER VITAE MERITORUM
Hildegardis Bingensis, Liber vitae meritorum. A. Carlevaris ed. Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis CCCM 90 (Turnhout: Brepols, 1995)
Hildegard of Bingen. The Book of the Rewards of Life: Liber Vitae Meritorum. trans. Bruce W. Hozeski. Oxford University Press. 1997.
LIBER DIVINORUM OPERUM
Hildegardis Bingensis, Liber divinorum operum. A. Derolez and P. Dronke eds., Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis CCCM 92 (Turnhout: Brepols, 1996)
Hildegard of Bingen. Hildegard of Bingen’s Book of Divine Workswith Letters and Songs. Abridged. Edited by Matthew Fox with Translation by Robert Cunningham et al. Santa Fe: Bear and Co, 1987
Articles
Bain, Jennifer. Hildegard, Hermannus, and Late Chant Style. Journal of Music Theory 52/1 (2008), 123-149 [issued 2009]
Jenni, D. Martin. “Echoes in Hildegard’s Songs of the Song of Songs,” Mystics Quarterly 17 (1991) : 71-78.
Witts, Richard. “How to Make a Saint: On Interpreting Hildegard of Bingen,” Early Music 27.3 (1998) : 478-486.
Books
Bain, Jennifer ed., 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘊𝘢𝘮𝘣𝘳𝘪𝘥𝘨𝘦 𝘊𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘢𝘯𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘰 𝘏𝘪𝘭𝘥𝘦𝘨𝘢𝘳𝘥 𝘰𝘧 𝘉𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘦𝘯 (2021: https://www.cambridge.org/.../60C953CC0C2B6E6CC80DB465F9D... )
Butcher, Carmen Acevendo. Hildegard of Bingen: A Spiritual Reader. Paraclete Press. 2007.
Burnett, Charles and Peter Dronke. Eds. Hildegard of Bingen and the Context of her Thought and Art. London: Warburg Institute, 1998.
Dyrek, G.M. The Seer and the Scribe: Spear of Destiny. Luminis Books. 2011.
Flanigan, Sabina. Hildegard of Bingen: A Visionary Life. London: Routledge, 1989; reprint, New York: Routledge, 1993. (https://www.routledge.com/.../Flanagan/p/book/9780415185516
Fournier-Rosset, Jany. From Saint Hildegard's Kitchen: Foods of: Health, Foods of Joy. Liguori. 2010
Lachman, Barbara. The Journal of Hildegard of Bingen: Bell Tower. Harmony. 1995.
Maddocks, Fiona. Hildegard ofBingen: A Woman of Her Age. London : Headline Book Publishing, 2001; reprint, Image Books, 2003.
Meconi, Honey. 𝘏𝘪𝘭𝘥𝘦𝘨𝘢𝘳𝘥 𝘰𝘧 𝘉𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘦𝘯 (https://www.press.uillinois.edu/books/?id=p083679 2018.
Newman, Barbara. Voice of the Living Light: Hildegard of Bingen and Her World, Berkeley: University of California Press, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520922488
Newman, Barbara, Sister of Wisdom: St. Hildegard’s Theologyof the Feminine. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987; reprint 1989.
O'Hanneson, Joan. Scarlet Music: A Life of Hildegard von Bingen (Crossroad Fiction Program). Crossroad Publishing Company. 1997.
Ray, Joyce. Feathers & Trumpets, a Story of Hildegard of Bingen. Apprentice Shop Books. 2014
Silvas, Anna. Jutta and Hildegard: The Biograhpical Sources. Penn State University Press / Brepols. 1999.
Sharratt, Mary. Illuminations: A Novel of Hildegard von Bingen. Mariner Books. 2013
Stoudt, Debra George Ferzoco, Beverly Kienzle. Eds. A Companion to Hildegard of Bingen. Brill: 2013.
Strehlow, Wighard and Hertzka, Gottfried. Hildegard of Bingen's Medicine (Folk Wisdom Series). Bear & Co. 1987.
Book Chapters
Bain, Jennifer . Hooked on Ecstasy: Performance 'Practice' and Reception of the Music of Hildegard von Bingen. The Sounds and Sights of Performance in Medieval and Renaissance Music: Essays in Honour of Timothy J. McGee (Ashgate, 2009), 253-273..
Dronke, Peter. "Hildegard von Bingen." In Women Writers of the Middles Ages: A Critical Study of Texts fro Perpetua to Marguerite Porete. Cambridge University Press. 1984.
Fassler, Margot. “Music for the Love Feast: Hildegard of Bingen and the Song of Songs.” In Women’s Voices across Musical Worlds, ed. Jane A Bernstein, 92-117. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 2003.
Somfai, Anna. “Hildegard of Bingen: The Power of Vision and the Vision of Power.” In Issues in Medieval Philosophy ed. Nancy van Deusen. Ottawa : The Institute of Medieval Music, 2001.
Stevens, John. “The Musical Individuality of Hildegard’s Songs: A Liturgical Shadowland.” In Hildegard of Bingen: The Context of Her Life and Thought, ed. Charles Burnett and Peter Dronke, 163-188. London: Warburg Institute 1998.
Tsakiropoulou-Summers, Tatiana. “Hildegard of Bingen: Teutonic Prophetess.” In Women Writing Latin: From Roman Antiquity to Early Modern Europe vol. 2. eds. Laurie J. Churchill, Phyllis R. Brown and Jane E. Jeffrey, 133-172. New York, 2002.
Theses and Dissertations
Bain, Jennifer Selected Antiphons of Hildegard von Bingen: Notational and Structural Design. M.A. Thesis. McGill University: Montreal. 1995.
Jeffreys, Catherine M. “Melodia et rhetorica: the devotional song repertory of Hildegard of Bingen.” Ph.D. diss., University of Melbourne, 2000.
Lomer, Beverly R. Music, rhetoric and the creation of feminist consciousness in the Marian songs of Hildegard of Bingen (1098--1179. PhD Dissertation. Florida Atlantic University 2006.
On line publications
Jones, Jeannette D. A Theological Interpretation of Viriditas in Hildegard of Bingen and Gregory the Great Portfolio of the Department of Musicology and Ethnomusicology. Boston University.
Mews, Constant J. Process Thought, Hildegard Of Bingen And Theological Tradition. Available at http://concrescence.org/ajpt_papers/vol01/01_mews.htm.
MEDIA
ONLINE VIDEO
Hildegard Society Channel on Youtube
CINEMA
Vision: From the Life of Hildegard von Bingen (2009)
RADIO & PODCASTS
Hildegard of Bingen. In Our Time. BBC Radio 4. June 26, 2014.