Efforts spearheaded by traditional liberal democratic ideology and elected officials have frequently advocated for heightened diversification and increased democratic oversight as means to drive social justice and amplify representation for historically marginalized communities. However, this paper contends that within the context of the Global West, the pursuit of more democratic oversight may prove not only ineffective but also detrimental to liberatory endeavors. This is because such oversight tends to be structured and administered by institutions deeply entrenched in white supremacist systems. Moreover, it is crucial to acknowledge that the mere presence of historically marginalized individuals in elected positions does not guarantee the dismantling of white supremacist frameworks; in fact, their political survival often depends on their adherence to norms dictated by the racial contract.Echoing Paulo Freire's insights in "Pedagogy of the Oppressed," which advocate for the active involvement of historically oppressed individuals in liberation movements, it becomes apparent that genuine transformative change must transcend the confines of institutionalized democratic systems. Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives, as well as broader oversight mechanisms within democratic institutions, are likely to remain largely ineffective in catalyzing radical change. To truly effectuate systemic transformation, it is imperative to pursue avenues of liberation that operate outside the confines of structures originally established by white supremacist systems.
The analysis in this paper compares two of former President Obama's addresses from 2015, one delivered at the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) conference and the other at the State of the Union Address. Despite addressing the same issues in both speeches, former President Obama employs distinct framing strategies. Drawing on Michael Dyson's theoretical framework outlined in "Entertaining Race," the analysis in this paper contends that President Obama's differential performance in predominantly Black spaces reflects Black political behavior as a form of Black performativity shaped by societal expectations. The results of this paper suggest that President Obama was more likely to address issues as Black issues when speaking to predominantly Black audiences in comparison to the entirety of the nations. Additionally, this paper was able to find that President Obama was more likely to use slang and comedic phrases when addressing a primarily Black audience as well. This study contributes to the literature by exploring Black political behavior, specifically focusing on the rhetorical performativity of former President Barack Obama.
Black Americans are disproportionately affected by gun violence. In fact, in 2022 Black Americans were projected to be ten times more likely than white Americans to die by gun homicide. As outlined by the United States Constitution, one of the responsibilities of Congress is to represent people within their district by developing and voting on legislation that protects constituents by making their communities safer. It is the responsibility of Congress to address the issue of gun violence because it is an issue that jeopardizes the safety of many American communities, as there are roughly 100,000 victims of gun violence each year. Research has shown that the race of a Congressional member impacts how they frame issues that constituents face in their districts, especially issues that disproportionately affect minority groups. Most scholarship focuses on whether minority Congressional officials are more concerned with minority issues. Through researching Black Congressional members’ communication surrounding gun violence, this thesis will fill a gap in the literature by focusing on how Black Congressional members specifically frame the issue of gun violence, an issue that disproportionately affects Black American citizens. This thesis asks the question of how members of the 117th Congress, who identify as Black, frame the issue of gun violence. Using content analysis, this thesis will analyze speeches, press releases, and social media of Black members of the 117th Congress. This thesis will contribute to the literature about how racial identity affects how elected officials frame issues, specifically issues that pose more of a threat to people of color.
In the Spring of 2023, I attended the National Conference for Undergraduate Research (NCUR) in Eau Claire, Wisconsin and presented my research and findings from my senior thesis. You can find the presentation attached to the left.