The human skull consists of 22 bones (or 29, including the inner ear bones and hyoid bone) that are mostly connected together by fibrous joints, so-called sutures.

The wrist and hand are the most distal parts of the upper limb. These bones are divided into three groups:

• Carpal bones: eight short bones arranged into proximal and distal rows (4 each).

• Metacarpal bones: five long bones, each form the root of the corresponding digit.

• Phalanges: fourteen long bones subdivided into three sets: proximal, middle and distal. 

The human foot contains 26 bones that are divided into 3 groups. 

• Tarsal bones: consist of seven irregularly shaped bones, homologous to the carpal bones of the hand. 

• Metatarsal bones: five long metatarsal bones which are equivalent to the metacarpals​​​​​​​ of the hand. 

• Phalanges bones: Identical manner to which the phalanges of the hand form the fingers. The lateral four toes are made up of three phalanges (proximal, middle, and distal), while the great toe consists of only two phalanges (proximal and distal). 

The vertebral column (spine) is composed of 33-35 vertebrae, 24 of which are separated by intervertebral discs; the remaining vertebrae are usually fused to compose two respective bones, the sacrum and coccyx. 

The vertebral column is divided into five regions: (from superior to inferior) the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal regions. 

The bones of the upper limb can be divided into the following groups:

• Pectoral (shoulder) girdle and arm, consisting of the clavicle, scapula and humerus

• Bones of the forearm, namely the radius and ulna

• Bones of the hand, divided into the 8 carpal bones, 5 metacarpal bones and 14 phalanges.

Lower limb into divided into the following groups:

• Pelvic girdle and thigh, consisting of the hip bone and femur

• Bones of the leg, namely the tibia and fibula

• Bones of the foot, divided into the 7 tarsal bones, 5 metatarsal bones and 14 phalanges