Whenever a company or individual makes a court claim, they should be very precise and detailed about exactly what they are claiming. The court takes a dim view of a poorly worded case, so why do they do it? It is simply because in a lot of cases, they do not expect a response. They file through the Money Claims On Line (MCOL) service because it is quick, easy and they don't have to file any evidence. They are simply looking for a fast County Court Judgment.
So when you see a short badly worded Particulars of Claim, seize the opportunity to point out ALL the errors and dispute EVERY element of what they are claiming.
The following cases are REAL Particulars of Claim posted on Beat the Bailiffs Facebook group in 2019. The responses have been drafted to defend these cases and many have been either dropped by the Claimant or dismissed by the Court.
A well worded defence will make the Claimant think twice about arguing the case in court. Companies have to pay Solicitors and it can end up costing them a lot of money if they waste yours and more importantly the Courts time.
1. It is disputed that the Claimant is entitled or has any Legal Standing ('Locus Standi') - to claim for a balance they claim is outstanding under a facility 77121743675660 provided by Lloyds Tsb (the 'Alleged Assignor') alleged to have commenced on an unspecified date ('the Void Agreement'). The Defendant avers that any agreement between the Alleged Assignor and the Defendant was void at time of commencement due to the failure of the Alleged Assignor to comply with Section 138D of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 and CONC 5.2A of the the Consumer Credit Sourcebook, in respect of irresponsible lending.
It is disputed that it was a term of the Bank account that nay debit balance would be repayable by the Defendant in full on demand. It is disputed that the Defendant has failed to repay the amount due following the the service of a demand. The Claimant should provide a copy of all statements, invoices, demands, default and termination notices in relation to the Void Agreement.
The Claimant is required to provide a copy of the Contract upon which they rely for the Void Agreement as per the Consumer Credit Act 1974 and show that a compliant Default Notice was served in relation to the Void Agreement pursuant to CCA s. 87 & 88 (1) as the Claimant has failed to specify a date of service of any compliant Default Notice.
The Claimant is also required to provide a copy of all statements, demands, invoices, default notice and termination notice in relation to the Void Agreement and to show that the Alleged Assignor was fully compliant with the Section 138D of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 and CONC 5.2A of the the Consumer Credit Sourcebook in relation to any credit that the Claimant claims was extended in relation to the Void Agreement.
2. The Defendant avers that the Claimant is in breach of Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, as a general principle of law that the Claimant, a debt purchaser, is not able to rely on the FCA authorisation of an affiliated 3rd party ( paragraph 55 of the Schedule to the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Exemption) Order 2001) for the purpose of bringing a claim. The Defendant has checked the FCA register and the Claimant is not listed. The Defendant respectfully asks the Court to strike out the Claimants Claim for operating in breach of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000.
See: (Arrow Global Guernsey Limited v Watson (County Court at Blackpool) [2019]) - Particulars of Claim struck out as Claimant was not registered with the FCA to issue a claim in the County Court.
It is disputed that the claimant can rely on paragraph 55 of the Schedule to the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Exemption) Order 2001) for the purpose of bringing a claim due to the constraints of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (as amended) S. 26A (4).
3. It is disputed that the benefit the Void Agreement was legally assigned to the Claimant (the 'Alleged Assignment'), on an unspecified date, due to the constraints of the Common Law Doctrine of Privity of Contract; Section 136 & Section 196 of the Law of Property Act 1925; and; Section 44 of the Companies Act 2006.
The Claimant is required to provide a copy of the Deed of Assignment under CPR Part 31.6, CPR18 and CPR31.14 as being crucial to establish if the Claimant has any Locus Standi to bring any claim. The Defendant avers that failure to provide any Deed of Assignment will mean that the Claimant is reliant solely on and EQUITABLE Assignment of the Void Agreement:
See: (Mitchell Mcfarlane & Partners Ltd v Foremans Ltd 2002) - 'Even If I had held that notice of assignment had not been given, I do not think that this would have made any difference. As an equitable assignee Foremans could not have brought an action at law without joining the assignor, old Foremans.'
⦁ See; (Van Lynn Developments v Pelias Construction Co Ltd 1968.[3] All ER 824) Where Lord Denning MR said 'the debtor is entitled to view the sale agreement to ensure that the assignee can give him good discharge under the contract'.
⦁ Also; Jones v Link Financial Ltd | [2013] 1 WLR 693 Where at it was found that three conditions for the validity of such an assignment must be satisfied, 'namely': that the assignment was absolute and not by way of charge; that it was in writing under the hand of the assignor, and that express notice in writing had been given to the debtor.
The Claimant is required to show that all three elements of Legal Assignment are satisfied:
⦁ a. that the assignment is absolute and not by way of a charge;
⦁ b. that it is in writing under the hand of the assignor (the 'Deed of Assignment');
⦁ c. and that express notice in writing has been given to the debtor.
4. It is denied that any Notice of Assignment was given to the Defendant as required under Section 136 of the Law of Property Act 1925. The Claimant should provide proof that a Notice of assignment was given to the Defendant in compliance with both Section 136 and Section 196 of the Law of Property Act 1925, by registered mail.
5. It is disputed that the Claimant is entitled to claim:
⦁ a) the sum of £1871.12 is disputed;
⦁ b) Costs, Court Fee and Legal Representative's costs are disputed and the court is respectfully invited to award costs against the Claimant.
6. It is contended that the Claimant is in breach of CPR 16.4 (i)(a) and (c) and PD 16 paragraphs 7.3(ii) by not providing concise details of claim and stating if claiming aggravated damages and provides no copy of contract relied on.
In particular, the Particulars of Claim does not identify:
⦁ a. any clear summary of the facts on which the claim is based;
⦁ b. any explanation of how the amount of financial loss has been calculated;
⦁ c. any list of documents upon which the claimant intends to rely;
⦁ d. if the Claimant intends to rely on hearsay evidence;
⦁ e. any date(s) for cause of action, date of default notice, date of assignment or date of notice of assignment; and;
⦁ f. any date that the Claimant claims the Void Agreement was commenced.
The defendant invites the court to dismiss this claim as it is in breach of pre court protocols in relation to the particulars of claim under practice direction 16, set out by the ministry of justice and also civil procedure rules under 16.4 and to allow such defendants costs as are permissible under civil procedure rule 27.14. I would also like to take this opportunity to remind the Claimant that under Civil Procedure Rule Part 39 PD 39a (3.3) any documents upon which the claimant intends to rely the ORIGINALS should be brought to any subsequent hearing for examination.
STATEMENT OF TRUTH
I believe the facts stated in this Defence are true. I understand that proceedings for contempt of court may be brought against anyone who makes, or causes to be made, a false statement in a document verified by a Statement of Truth without an honest belief in its truth.
1. It is denied that the Claimant is entitled or has any Legal Standing to make a Claim for any sum arising from the Defendant's alleged breach of a regulated consumer credit agreement referenced under no 4929439619138001 (the 'Alleged Agreement') with Barclays Bank Plc (the 'Alleged Assignor') (EX BARCLAYCARD). The Defendant puts the Claimant to strict proof to provide a copy of the Contract upon which they rely as per the Consumer Credit Act 1974 and show that the Alleged Assignor was fully compliant with the Consumer Credit Act 1974 -Section 25(2B) - CONC 5.2 & 6.2.
The Defendant avers that the Claimant is in breach of Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, as a general principle of law that the Claimant, a debt purchaser, is not able to rely on the FCA authorisation of an affiliated 3rd party ( paragraph 55 of the Schedule to the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Exemption) Order 2001) for the purpose of bringing a claim. The Defendant has checked the FCA register and the Claimant is not listed. It is disputed that the claimant can rely on paragraph 55 of the Schedule to the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Exemption) Order 2001) for the purpose of bringing a claim due to the constraints of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (as amended) S. 26A (4). The Defendant respectfully asks the Court to strike out the Claimants Claim for operating in breach of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000.
2. It is disputed that the Defendant has failed to remedy the alleged breach in accordance with a Default Notice issued pursuant to ss.87(1) and 88 of the Consumer Credit Act 1974. The claimant should provide a full breakdown of the amount they are claiming and the Claimant is put to strict proof to provide a copy of all statements, invoices, demands, termination and Default Notice as required under s.87(1) of the Consumer Credit Act 1974.
3. It is disputed that the benefit of the Alleged Agreement was legally assigned to the Claimant, on an unspecified date, from the Alleged Assignor due to contraventions of: The Common Law Doctrine of Privity of Contract; Section 44 of the Companies Act 2006; Section 136 and Section 196 of the Law of Property Act 1925.
The Defendant puts the Claimant to strict proof to provide a copy of the Sale Agreement (the 'Deed of Assignment') between the Alleged Assignor and the Claimant under CPR18 and CPR31.14 as being crucial to establish if the Claimant has any Legal standing to bring a claim the benefit of the Alleged Agreement. Claiming that the documents contain sensitive information is not a valid reason to withhold the document as the Defendant is willing to accept redacted copies of the Deed of Assignment as long as any references to the Defendant are apparent:
Although in; Promontoria (Oak) Limited v Emanuel [2020] EWHC 104 (Ch) - Marcus Smith J concluded that the decision of the recorder at first instance to permit the claimant’s reliance on the redacted copy deed was sufficiently flawed as to require setting aside;
See (Van Lynn Developments v Pelias Construction Co Ltd 1968.[3] All ER 824) Where Lord Denning MR said 'the debtor is entitled to view the sale agreement to ensure that the assignee can give him good discharge under the contract';
Also; [Jones v Link Financial Ltd (2013) ] 1 WLR 693 Where it was found that three conditions for the validity of a LEGAL assignment must be satisfied, 'namely': that the assignment was absolute and not by way of charge; that it was in writing under the hand of the assignor, and that express notice in writing had been given to the debtor..
The Claimant is put to strict PROOF to show that all three elements of Legal Assignment are satisfied for both instances of alleged assignment:
a. that the assignment is absolute and not by way of a charge;
b. that it is in writing under the hand of the assignor (the 'Deed of Assignment');
c. and that express notice in writing has been given to the debtor.
It is denied that written Notice of Assignment has been given to the Defendant. The Defendant avers that the word 'GIVEN' in Section 136 of the Law of Property Act 1925 denotes that notice should be handed to the debtor or served in compliance with with Section 196 of the Law of Property Act 1925, by registered mail.
4. It is denied that the claimant has suffered any losses due to the actions of the defendant and;
1. The sum of £1424.33 is disputed;
2. It is denied that the Claimant is entitled to Costs and the Court is respectfully asked to award costs against the Claimant.
5. The Defendant contends that the Claimant is in breach of Rule 16.4(a) and 16.4 (c) of the Civil Procedure Rules 1998 in that the Particulars of Claim do not set out a clear and concise statement of facts upon which they rely.
In particular, the Particulars of Claim does not identify:
a. any clear summary of the facts on which the claim is based;
b. any explanation of how the amount of financial loss has been calculated;
c. any list those documents upon which the claimant intends to rely;
d. the date that the Claimant claims that the Defendant entered into the Alleged Agreement with the Alleged Original Assignor, the date of any cause of action, the date of any default notice, the date of alleged assignment or the date of notice of assignment;
The defendant invites the court to dismiss this claim as it is in breach of pre court protocols in relation to the particulars of claim under practice direction 16, set out by the ministry of justice and also civil procedure rules under 16.4 and to allow such defendants costs as are permissible under civil procedure rule 27.14.
I would also like to take this opportunity to remind the Claimant that under Civil Procedure Rule Part 39 PD 39a (3.3) any documents upon which the claimant intends to rely the ORIGINALS should be brought to any subsequent hearing for examination.
STATEMENT OF TRUTH
I believe the facts stated in this Defence are true. I understand that proceedings for contempt of court may be brought against anyone who makes, or causes to be made, a false statement in a document verified by a Statement of Truth without an honest belief in its truth.
1) It is disputed that the Defendant entered into a Consumer Credit Act 1974 regulated agreement with Vanquis (the 'Alleged Assignor') under account reference 4023962134011507. ('the Alleged Agreement')
The Claimant is put to strict proof to provide a copy of the Contract upon which they rely as per the Consumer Credit Act 1974.
2) It is disputed that the Defendant failed to maintain the required payments and arrears began to accrue. The claimant should provide a full breakdown of the amount they are claiming. The Claimant is put to strict proof to provide a copy of all statements, invoices, default and termination notices in relation to the Alleged Agreement. The Claimant is also put to strict proof that a compliant Default Notice was served in relation to the alleged agreement pursuant to CCA s. 87 & 88 (1).
3) It is disputed that the benefit the Alleged Agreement was later assigned to the Claimant, on 23/09/2019, (the 'Alleged Assignment') due to the constraints of:
⦁ Section 1(3) Law of Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1989,
⦁ Section 44 of the Companies Act 2006,
⦁ The Regulatory Reform (Execution of Deeds and Documents) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/1906), arts. 1(1),3 ,
⦁ Section 136 of the Law of Property Act 1925.
⦁ Section 196 of the Law of Property Act 1925.
The Claimant is put to strict proof to provide the Deed of Assignment, for the assignment of the Alleged Agreement required for absolute assignment under the Law of Property Act 1925. The Defendant is entitled to view the Deed of Assignment's that the Claimant is relying on in this matter. The Defendant is willing to accept redacted copies of any documents that may contain sensitive commercial data or personal details of other clients providing that evidence relating to the Defendant is apparent.
The Defendant requests that the Claimant provide a copy of the Deed of Assignment under CPR18 and CPR31.14 as being crucial to establish if the Claimant has any Legal standing to bring a claim the benefit of the Alleged Agreement.
⦁ See (Van Lynn Developments v Pelias Construction Co Ltd 1968.[3] All ER 824) Where Lord Denning MR said 'the debtor is entitled to view the sale agreement to ensure that the assignee can give him good discharge under the contract';
⦁ And; [Webster v Ridgeway (2009) ] - A case that demonstrates that a debtor is entitled to see a redacted version where sensitive information is contained in the document(s);
⦁ Also; [Jones v Link Financial Ltd (2013) ] 1 WLR 693 Where it was found that three conditions for the validity of a LEGAL assignment must be satisfied, 'namely': that the assignment was absolute and not by way of charge; that it was in writing under the hand of the assignor, and that express notice in writing had been given to the debtor.
The Claimant is put to strict PROOF to show that all three elements of Legal Assignment are satisfied:
⦁ a. that the assignment is absolute and not by way of a charge;
⦁ b. that it is in writing under the hand of the assignor (the 'Deed of Assignment');
⦁ c. and that express notice in writing has been given to the debtor.
It is disputed that Notice of Assignment was given to the Defendant for the Alleged Assignment of the Alleged Agreement. The Claimant is put to strict proof to show that Notice of assignment was given to the Defendant in accordance with Section 136 and Section 196 of the Law of Property Act 1925. Copies of any Notices of assignment should be provided.
4) It is disputed that the Claimant is entitled to claim,
⦁ a) the sum of £2,053.51 is disputed. The should provide a detailed breakdown of exactly how this sum has been calculated with supporting evidence. The Claimant should show any calculations of V.A.T. for this figure.
⦁ b) Interest pursuant to Section 69 of the County Courts Act 1984 is disputed. The sum of £164.28 is disputed. The daily rate of £0.450 is disputed. The Defendant denies any indebtedness to the Claimant but particularly denies that they are due statutory interest on the alleged amount, as such the Defendant requests disclosure of the amount the Claimant claims to have paid for this alleged debt. The Claimant is a Debt Purchase Company who suffers no loss in this case due to the actions of the Defendant.
⦁ c) Costs are disputed and the court is invited to award costs against the Claimant.
5) It is contended that the Claimant is in breach of Rule 16.4(a) of the Civil Procedure Rules 1998 in that the Particulars of Claim do not set out a clear and concise statement of facts upon which they rely.
In particular, the Particulars of Claim does not identify:
⦁ (a) any explanation of how the amount of financial loss has been calculated;
⦁ (b) any list those documents upon which the claimant intends to rely;
⦁ (c) The date the Claimant claims that the Defendant entered into the Alleged Agreement with the Alleged Assignor;
⦁ (d) on which date(s) the Defendant had allegedly failed to maintain the required payments;
⦁ (e) the date(s) that the Claimant alleges that arrears began to accrue;
⦁ (f) the exact date when the Alleged Assignor terminated the agreement and gave notice of the same;
⦁ (g) the date when the Claimant claims that a default notice was served in relation to the Alleged Agreement;
⦁ (h) the date(s), if any, that the Claimant served Notice of Assignment for in relation to the Alleged Assignment of the Alleged Agreement;
⦁ (i) the method of service of any Notice of Assignment and if served by registered mail as required under Section 196 of the Law of Property Act 1925;
⦁ (j) If the Alleged Assignor is a legal entity or not. If the Alleged Assignor is a legal entity, the Claimant have not stated the nature of that entity: Limited Company, Sole Tradership, Partnership, Trust fund etc;
⦁ (k) whether the Claimant is relying on an Equitable or a Legal Assignment;
⦁ (l) That the Pre-action Conduct protocol has been complied with. This should be stated in the claim form or particulars of claim. See Practice Direction-Pre-Action para.9.7. There is no claim by the defendant on the Claim Form that they have complied with Pre-Action Protocol.
The defendant invites the court to dismiss this claim as it is in breach of pre court protocols in relation to the particulars of claim under practice direction 16, set out by the ministry of justice and also civil procedure rules under 16.4 and to allow such defendants costs as are permissible under civil procedure rule 27.14.
I would also like to take this opportunity to remind the Claimant that under Civil Procedure Rule Part 39 PD 39a (3.3) any documents upon which the claimant intends to rely the ORIGINALS should be brought to any subsequent hearing for examination.
STATEMENT OF TRUTH
I believe the facts in this statement are true.
Issued 8th August 2019 -Discontinued 5th February 2020