Khawar Jalil, Tariq Feroz, Parveen Zahra

Abstract

Pakistan’s mining sector, a critical pillar of the economy, remains trapped in a cycle of low wages, hazardous conditions, and limited growth opportunities. Applying Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs offers a transformative lens to reshape this industry, elevating workers from mere survival to self-actualization. By ensuring physiological well-being, enhancing safety measures, and fostering a sense of belonging, Pakistan can unlock untapped workforce potential. Recognition and professional development can instill dignity, while leadership training and education can drive innovation. Strategic policies—such as vocational programs, safety mandates, and community-building initiatives—can align industry growth with human development, boosting productivity and global competitiveness. This study envisions a future where miners are not just laborers but empowered contributors to sustainable progress. By integrating Maslow’s framework with localized reforms, mining sector of the country can break free from stagnation, setting a precedent for other developing economies. The path forward is clear: invest in people, and prosperity will follow.

Keywords: Maslow’s Hierarchy; Workplace Motivation;  Employee Fulfillment; Organizational Excellence;  Sustainable Workforce Development; Pakistan Mining Sector.

   ABSTRACT

This study investigates the key determinants of renewable energy investment in Pakistan over the period 2004 to 2023, with a particular focus on the influence of financial and governance-related variables. Empirical results reveal that domestic private sector credit is positively associated with renewable energy investment, suggesting that enhanced credit availability facilitates capital flow into green energy projects. Similarly, market capitalization exhibits a significant positive impact, underscoring the supportive role of mature capital markets in financing renewable initiatives. Conversely, the government effectiveness index demonstrates a negative relationship with renewable energy investment, indicating potential governance challenges, policy ambiguities, or institutional inefficiencies that may deter investor confidence. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, emphasizing the need for targeted financial reforms and improved institutional frameworks to foster a more conducive environment for sustainable energy development in Pakistan.

Keywords: Renewable Energy Investment; Financial Development; Government Effectiveness; Green Finance; Sustainable Energy Policy; Pakistan Energy Sector.

    ABSTRACT

The radical and excessive interference of human practices in the non-human world within sub-Saharan Africa has significantly contributed to transforming favorable environmental conditions into adverse ones. This study reveals how the importance of the ecosystem and nature has consistently been underestimated, neglected, unrecognized, and morally overlooked. It emphasizes the practical complexity of dissociating humans from the space shared with other (non-human) entities within the same environment. Indigenous African contributions to environmental ethics are critically examined for their limited engagement with the human-nature relationship in sub-Saharan Africa—identified as a principal root cause of the ongoing environmental crisis in Africa and beyond. The study argues that only in cases involving essential and unavoidable needs for survival—such as food, water, and shelter—should humans extract resources from the richness and diversity of nature. The survival of communities across the region is shown to depend substantially on both living (animate) and non-living (inanimate) entities, which possess both physical and spiritual dimensions. The study concludes by recommending remedial strategies, including the adoption of technologies, ideological reforms, and sustainable practices such as biotechnology, bioremediation, ethical leadership, and the restoration of traditional African ecological values.

Keywords: African Environmental Ethics, Critical Evaluation, Egalitarian Status, Indigenous African Approaches, Nature, Sub-Saharan Africa.

     ABSTRACT

This study investigates the determinants shaping women’s participation in climate-related decision-making in Pakistan, with a particular emphasis on the influence of women’s education, gender-sensitive legal frameworks, and employment opportunities in climate-focused sectors. Grounded in empirical analysis, the research examines how female educational attainment, literacy levels, inclusive legal and policy frameworks, and workforce participation in climate-related domains collectively influence women’s roles in planning and governance processes related to climate action. The findings reveal significant long-run positive associations between women’s employment in climate-related sectors and gender-specific legal and policy frameworks with their participation in climate decision-making processes. Specifically, a one percent increase in employment within climate-related sectors corresponds to a 1.034 percent rise in women’s participation, while a one percent improvement in legal and policy frameworks leads to a 0.512 percent increase. In the short run, although gender-responsive policies exhibit a slight negative association with women’s participation, employment and legal frameworks continue to have a positive and statistically significant influence. These results highlight the crucial role of enabling environments, including targeted education, inclusive policy instruments, and employment pathways, in advancing gender equity in climate governance. The study offers policy-relevant insights for integrating women more effectively into national climate strategies and fostering inclusive, resilient governance systems in the face of environmental challenges.

Keywords: Gender; Climate Governance; Women’s Empowerment; Climate Policy; Gender-Responsive Legal Frameworks; Environmental Decision-Making; Inclusive Climate Action; Pakistan.