Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles

Intellectual Properties

• Zhang, Haichong, Gao, Shang, and Ma, Xihan. "Wide-field Photoacoustic (PA) Imaging System." U.S. Patent Application No. 18/674,020. (Pending) [Link]

• Zhang, Haichong, and Gao, Shang. "Spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging probe." U.S. Patent Application No. 18/667,740. (Pending) [Link]

• Zhang, Haichong, and Gao, Shang. "Spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging." U.S. Patent Application No. 17/869,130. (Pending) [Link]

Peer-Reviewed Conference Proceedings

2025

• Yang Wang, Ryo Murakami, Yichuan Tang, Shang Gao, Gregory Fischer, Haichong K. Zhang, “Validation of a New Workflow for In-Bore MRI-Compatible Transrectal Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Imaging: Sweeping Method Evaluation”, IEEE IUS 2025 (Accepted)

• Yanbo Hua*, Shang Gao*, Xihan Ma, Sharath K. Bhagavatula, Guigen Liu, Oliver Jonas, Haichong K. Zhang, "Enhanced Necrosis Visualization in Liver Ablation Monitoring with Fiber Artifact Removal: A Cadaver Study”, Proc. SPIE 13408, Medical Imaging 2025: Image-Guided Procedures, Robotic Interventions, and Modeling, 1340818 (7 April 2025) [Link] 

• Fangzhou Lin*, Shang Gao*, Yichuan Tang, Xihan Ma, Ziming Zhang, Haichong K. Zhang, "Feasibility study of data-free spectroscopic photoacoustic image denoising," Proc. SPIE 13412, Medical Imaging 2025: Ultrasonic Imaging and Tomography, 134120J (10 April 2025)  [Link] 

• Shang Gao*, Yanbo Hua*, Sharath K. Bhagavatula, Guigen Liu, Oliver Jonas, Haichong K. Zhang, "Liver necrotic mapping using diffusing illumination photoacoustic imaging," Proc. SPIE 13319, Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2025, 133190Z (20 March 2025) [Link] 

2024

• Haoying Zhou, Yiwei Jiang, Shang Gao, Shiyue Wang, Peter Kazanzides, Gregory Scott Fischer, "Suturing Tasks Automation Based on Skills Learned from Demonstrations: A Simulation Study," 2024 International Symposium on Medical Robotics (ISMR), Atlanta, GA, USA, 2024, pp. 1-8 [Link] 

• Nicholas E. Pacheco*, Shang Gao*, Kevin Cleary, Rahul Shah, Haichong Zhang, Loris Fichera, "Photoacoustic Image Guidance for Laser Tonsil Ablation: Approach and Initial Results", Proc. SPIE 12928, Medical Imaging 2024: Image-Guided Procedures, Robotic Interventions, and Modeling, 129281A (29 March 2024); [Link] 

• Shang Gao, Ryo Murakami, Haichong K. Zhang, "Photoacoustic frequency analysis of the ablation-induced necrosis lesion," Proc. SPIE 12842, Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2024, 128420V (12 March 2024) [Link] 

• Ryo Murakami, Shang Gao, Maanya Chitrapu, Arno Sungarian, Haichong K. Zhang, "Preliminary study on characterizing brain-ablation-induced necrosis through spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging," Proc. SPIE 12842, Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2024, 128420K (12 March 2024) [Link]

2023

• Shang Gao*, Xihan Ma*, Haichong K. Zhang,  "Robot-Assisted Wide-Area Photoacoustic System," 2023 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), Montreal, QC, Canada, 2023, pp. 1-4,  [Link]

• Shang Gao, Yang Wang, Haoying Zhou, Kehan Yang, Yiwei Jiang, Liang Lu, Shiyue Wang, Xihan Ma, Benjamin Nephew, Loris Fichera, Gregory S. Fischer, Haichong K. Zhang, "Laparoscopic Photoacoustic Imaging System Integrated with the da Vinci Surgical System", Proc. SPIE 12466, Medical Imaging 2023: Image-Guided Procedures, Robotic Interventions, and Modeling, 1246609 (3 April 2023) - the Robert F. Wagner All-Conference Best Student Paper Award [Link]

• Liudmila Serebrennikova, Shang Gao, Ryo Murakami, Srikanth Boinapally, Martin G. Pomper, Sangeeta Ray, Haichong K. Zhang, "Feasibility of spectra-based quantification algorithm for non-linear photoacoustic contrast agents," Proc. SPIE 12379, Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2023, 1237909 (9 March 2023) [Link]

• Ryo Murakami, Shang Gao, Haichong K. Zhang, "Closed-loop contrast source regulation through real-time spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging: phantom evaluation," Proc. SPIE 12379, Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2023, 1237919 (9 March 2023) [Link]

2022

• Shang Gao*, Ashiqur Rahaman*, Hiroshi Ashikaga, Henry R. Halperin, Haichong K. Zhang, “Miniaturized Catheter-Integrated Photoacoustic Ablation Monitoring System: A Feasibility Study”, 2022 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), 2022, pp. 1-4 [Link]

• Shang Gao, Matthew C. Flegal, Haichong K. Zhang, "Feasibility of laparoscopic photoacoustic imaging system based on diffusing side-illumination fibers," Proc. SPIE 11960, Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2022, 119601C (3 March 2022) [Link]

2021

• Shang Gao, Hiroshi Ashikaga, Tommaso Mansi, Henry R. Halperin, Haichong K. Zhang, "Photoacoustic Necrotic Region Mapping for Radiofrequency Ablation Guidance," 2021 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), 2021, pp. 1-4 [Link]

• Shang Gao*, Zhaoyuan Ma*, Ryosuke Tsumura, Jakub Kaminski, Loris Fichera, Haichong K. Zhang "Augmented immersive telemedicine through camera view manipulation controlled by head motions", Proc. SPIE 11598, Medical Imaging 2021: Image-Guided Procedures, Robotic Interventions, and Modeling, 1159815 (15 February 2021) [Link]

2020

• Shang Gao, Ryosuke Tsumura, Doua Vang, Keion Bisland, Keshuai Xu, Yasuyuki Tsunoi, Haichong Zhang, “Compact and Low-Cost Acoustic-Resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy Based on Delta Configuration Actuator”, Proc. IEEE (International Ultrasonics Symposium), Las Vegas, NV, USA, Sep. 2020 [Link]

2019

• Shang Gao, Biqiao Wang, Peiqi Wang, Bangzhi Yan, Chuting Wang, Chaomin Luo, Mariam Faied, “A Hybrid Navigation and Image Processing Model with Dynamic Mobile Manipulation”, the 2019 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO), Dali, China, Dec. 2019 [Link]

2018

• Shang Gao, Zhiyang Zhang, Zihan Zhao, Mohsin M. Jamali, “Vision and Infra-Red Sensor Based Fire Fighting Robot”, the 61st IEEE International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS), Windsor, Canada, Aug. 2018 [Link]

• Wusuo Li, Shenghui Shi, Ziqiao Gao, Wei Wei, Qunxiong Zhu, Xiaoyong Lin, Daguang Jiang, Shang Gao, “Improved Deep Belief Network Model and Its Application in Named Entity Recognition of Chinese Electronic Medical Records”, 2018 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Big Data Analysis, Shanghai, China, Mar. 2018  [Link

Book Chapter

• Shang Gao, Ryo Murakami, Haichong K. Zhang, "Photoacoustic Image-Guided Ablation Therapy and Intervention", Handbook of Robotic and Image-Guided Surgery 2nd Edition

Non-refereed Abstracts and Presentations

• Shang Gao, Haichong K. Zhang, "Hearing the Color: Photoacoustic Imaging for Robot-assisted Surgical Guidance", 2024 Northeast Robotics Colloquium (NERC), UMass Amherst, USA [Link]

• Shang Gao, Haotian Liu, Allison Post, Lukas Jaworski, Drew Bernard, Mathews John, Elizabeth Cosgriff-Hernandez, Mehdi Razavi, Haichong Zhang, "Photoacoustic Imaging for Quantitative Assessment of Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation Lesions", 2024 IEEE Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control Joint Symposium (UFFC-JS), Taipei, Taiwan

• Shang Gao, Allison Post, Elizabeth Cosgriff-Hernandez, Mehdi Razavi, Haichong K. Zhang, "Photoacoustic Mapping of Cardiac Ablation at Three Myocardium Region", Biomedical Engineering Society (BMES) 2023 Annual Meeting, Seattle, USA 

• Shang Gao, Ryo Murakami, Yang Wang, Hiroshi Ashikaga, Young-Ho Kim, Mohammad Mehrmohammadi, Henry Halperin, Haichong K. Zhang, “Miniaturized Side-firing Intracardiac Photoacoustic Imaging Catheter”, IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS) 2023, Montreal, Canada

• Shang Gao, Ryo Murakami, Haichong K. Zhang, “Miniaturized Intracardiac Photoacoustic Imaging Catheter: Below 4 mm Diameter”, International Symposium on Ultrasonic Imaging and Tissue Characterization (UITC), 2023 [Link]

• Shang Gao, Hiroshi Ashikaga, Masahito Suzuki, Tommaso Mansi, Young-Ho Kim, Florin-Cristian Ghesu, Jeeun Kang, Emad M. Boctor, Henry R. Halperin, Haichong K. Zhang, “In Vivo Demonstration of Cardiac-Gated Photoacoustic Ablation-Induced Necrotic Lesion Mapping”, 2022 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS) 

• Yichuan Tang, Wojtek Lesniak, Shang Gao, Yixuan Wu, Martin G. Pomper, Haichong K. Zhang, "Beyond SAF: Deconvolution-Based Elevation Resolution Enhancement for Linear Array-Based Three-dimensional Photoacoustic Imaging", 2022 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS)

• Shang Gao, Hiroshi Ashikaga, Masahito Suzuki, Tommaso Mansi, Young-Ho Kim, Florin-Cristian Ghesu, Jeeun Kang, Emad M. Boctor, Henry R. Halperin, Haichong K. Zhang, "In Vivo Ablation-Induced Necrotic Lesion Mapping based on Cardiac-Gated Spectroscopic Photoacoustic Imaging",  International Symposium on Ultrasonic Imaging and Tissue Characterization (UITC), 2022 [Link]

• Shang Gao, Hiroshi Ashikaga, Tommaso Mansi, Henry R. Halperin, Haichong K. Zhang, " Feasibility of photoacoustic-based intraoperative necrotic region visualization for image-guided catheter RF ablation",  International Symposium on Ultrasonic Imaging and Tissue Characterization (UITC), 2021 [Link]