While there is no record of the opening date it is believed that Traveston station opened on 10 June 1889 when the North Coast line opened between Gympie and Cooran. On 9 June 1925, the Rockhampton Mail train derailed near Traveston on a high timber trestle bridge killing ten people and injuring 48 people and it was Queensland's worst rail disaster until 1947 because of the Camp Mountain rail disaster. In 2010 the station was facing closure as the waiting area was unsafe as it was damaged by termites however the following year the shelter was restored despite only on average four passengers a week use the station.
Traveston station is named after the homonymous town of Traveston which is believed to have been named after "Traves" who was an early settler and grazier in the 1860s.
Traveston consists of one platform and it is used for services travelling in both directions. Traveston has a short platform meaning that disembarking has to be done from the front carriage. There is a passing loop opposite the platform.
Traveston station has one entrance from the carpark on Howe Road.
Traveston station doesn't have disability access.
Traveston has the lowest patronage of all stations on the entire SEQ train network averaging only four passengers a week.