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According to documentation found in the same room, the devices were being used to study portals because something about them (the scientists were unsure precisely what) made the otherwise obsolete drum-style seismographs sensitive to a portal's behavior.

The seismograph, an instrument that measures the intensity of blast-induced underground vibrations, is an essential tool in the search for petroleum. The first workable seismograph was constructed for use by the German army in World War I. In the United States in 1917 John C. Karcher, an employee of the U.S. Bureau of Standards, independently invented a similar instrument. Both the German and American versions, crude contrivances at best, were intended for use in locating enemy artillery by measuring the seismic vibrations produced by their firing.

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Dr. D. W. Ohern, geologist, and Dr. W. P. Haseman, physicist, two of Karcher's former professors at OU, collaborated with him in refining the seismograph's design. Hoping for a successful commercial use of the device by the petroleum industry, the men formed Geological Engineering Company and prepared to conduct a test. Karcher, Ohern, and Haseman were joined by Dr. Irving Perrine, also an OU geology professor, and geologist William C. Kite in readying the instrument and finding a suitable site. Financial backing was provided by Oklahoma City oilmen Frank Buttram and brothers Walter R. and William E. Ramsey.

On June 4, 1921, on a farm three miles north of Oklahoma City (now at the site of the Belle Isle Library, Northwest Expressway and Villa), the team tested the seismograph and determined that it could, indeed, show subsurface structure that was capable of holding oil.

During the 1920s Karcher and his associates formed a succession of companies to use the new tool in the oil fields, but the price of crude petroleum plummeted. The men were never able to put over the device commercially. In 1924 Gulf Production Company brought in a company called Seismos to use the German version of the seismograph to search for oil in Texas. However, the first success was Karcher's, rather than the Germans'. In 1925 he combined with another OU graduate, geologist and oilman Everette L. DeGolyer, in forming Geophysical Research Corporation (GRC), a division of DeGolyer's Amerada Petroleum Corporation. In 1926 GRC sent a reflection seismograph crew into the field around Seminole, Oklahoma, to map subsurface structures. After locating a structure deemed likely to bear oil, Amerada drilled. On December 4, 1928, they struck oil, opening the world's first well ever to be successfully drilled into a structure located by reflection seismography.

On April 1, 1971, the Midwestern Society of Exploration Geophysicists, meeting in Oklahoma City, erected a monument on the site of Karcher's 1921 test at Belle Isle. The inscription reads, in part: "Birthplace of the Reflection Seismograph. Field tests that confirmed the validity of the reflection seismography method of prospecting for oil were conducted near this spot on June 4, 1921. The shot has virtually echoed around the world."

The Geode Exploration Seismograph is the most popular engineering seismograph in the world, used by both academics and geophysical professionals. The Geode is a versatile and flexible seismograph, small and lightweight enough to pack into your suitcase, yet easily expandable if needed for full-scale 2D and 3D surveys via our intelligently designed distributed architecture. Use the Geode for reflection, refraction, MASW/MAM, or tomography surveys, as well as for more niche use cases such as earthquake, quarry blasts, or heavy equipment monitoring. The Geode can also easily handle marine profiling and continuous recording!

Above are the two output graphs from the seismograph operating in the Historic Resources Room in the Portola Valley Library. This homebuilt seismograph registers ground movement in two orthogonal directions, and each graph plots the movement over time in each of those directions. Typically an incoming seismic wave will trigger both graphs, and by measuring the time and magnitude of each graph it should be possible to determine the direction the wave is coming from.

A seismograph, or seismometer, is an instrument used to detect and record seismic waves. Seismic waves are propagating vibrations that carry energy from the source of an earthquake outward in all directions. They travel through the interior of the Earth and can be measured with sensitive detectors called seismographs. Scientists have seismographs set up all over the world to track the movement of the Earth's crust.

Generally, a seismograph consists of a mass attached to a fixed base. During an earthquake, the base moves and the mass does not. The motion of the base with respect to the mass is commonly transformed into an electrical voltage. The electrical voltage is recorded on paper, magnetic tape, or another recording medium. The record written by a seismograph in response to ground motions produced by an earthquake or other ground-motion sources is called seismogram.

Seismographs record a zig-zag trace that shows the varying amplitude of ground oscillations beneath the instrument. This record is proportional to the motion of the seismometer mass relative to the earth, but it can be mathematically converted to a record of the absolute motion of the ground. These are examples on how seismographs work. Nowadays they are much more modern but the physical principles are the same:

The magnitude of an earthquake is determined by readings of the seismic waves resulting from the vibrations generated by the seismic source. Sensitive seismographs, which greatly magnify these ground motions, can detect strong earthquakes from sources anywhere in the world. The time, locations, and magnitude of an earthquake can be determined from the data recorded by seismograph stations.

Animation of the principles of a drum-style horizontal seismograph station that records back- and-forth (N-S, E-W) movement. The suspended mass remains at rest as the spring and pivoting knife absorb most of the motion during an earthquake. The instrument shifts back and forth due to the oblique travel direction of the P wave and the shearing movement of the S wave. The stylus (pen) affixed to the mass, records the relative motion between itself and the rest of the instrument, thus recording the ground motion.

Working in small groups of 3-4, students design and construct a seismograph using common household and craft materials provided. Students will demonstrate to the class (by shaking their table) how their seismographs records ground motion and if possible, the time of the disturbance occured.

A seismograph is a device for measuring the movement of the earth, and consists of a ground-motion detection sensor, called a seismometer, coupled with a recording system. This fact sheet provides an overview of the basic components of a seismometer and physical science principles behind its operation.

Generalized P and S-wave behavior are shown on this simplified model of a vertical-component seismograph station. Animation of the principles of a drum-style vertical seismograph station that records up-and-down movement. Seismographs are designed so that slight earth vibrations move the instrument. The suspended mass remains at rest as the spring absorbs some of the motion. The stylus (pen) affixed to the mass, records the relative motion between itself and the rest of the instrument, thus recording the ground motion. Animation shows compressive behavior of the P wave in the direction the wave is traveling and the shearing behavior of the S wave perpendicular to the direction of wave travel. Although the arrow shows gross movement, remember that this happens on a microscopic scale in the Earth.

Seismograph Data Analysis is a very powerful tool for analyzing data from White seismographs. The software features the ability to communicate with and download data from our seismographs either by local connection or remotely by TCP/IP. Once records have been downloaded, there are numerous analysis tools. The following lists a few of the tools.

V13 is required to download or analyze data from the Mini-Seis III Pro. It also supports the Mini-Seis III and the Mini-Seis. The software features the usual capabilities and analysis routines users expect. V13 also includes the ability to use Advanced Records. Advanced records allow the user to apply custom labels, ranges and units to the seismograph channels individually.

Scientists study earthquakes so we can understand them better and hopefully one day predict them so we can save thousands of lives. A seismograph is a tool scientists use to record earthquakes and measure their strength. In this activity you will build your own seismograph using simple materials.

When your helper pulls the paper through the box with no shaking, the marker should just draw a straight line on the paper. When you shake the box, it moves back and forth, and the paper moves along with it. Because of the heavy mass of the cup and the way it is suspended by strings, the cup does not move as much. This means that the paper moves back and forth under the (mostly) stationary marker, resulting in a squiggly line. The size of these squiggles (their amplitude) corresponds to how hard you shook the box, just like how the line drawn by a real seismograph corresponds to the strength of the earthquake. Read the Digging Deeper section to learn more about seismographs.

A seismograph is a machine used to measure the motion of the ground during an earthquake. Seismographs are very sensitive and can detect earthquakes that occurred very far away (along with other things that make the ground shake, like volcanic eruptions or large explosions) that might be too faint for humans to feel. Seismographs are made by hanging a heavy weight from a rigid frame connected to the ground. When the ground moves during an earthquake, the frame moves back and forth along with the ground. However, the heavy weight is not connected directly to the ground, and it wants to stay in place. The result is that the weight holds still, while the frame moves back and forth around it. The relative motion of the weight and frame can be turned into a recording called a seismogram. The seismogram can be analyzed later to find out when an earthquake happened and how strong it was. While modern seismographs record this motion as an electrical signal, older seismographs would use a pen to draw the signal directly on paper. In this activity you built your own old-fashioned seismograph that used a marker to record an "earthquake" on a paper strip. ff782bc1db