Characteristic Properties of Matter

C. Properties of Matter

DIRECTIONS: Read the following, record brief notes in your own word for all areas A, B, C and enhance with detail and examples if possible.

Example: A. Matter-

B. Physical Properties (what are they)

1. Intensive property- define and give 2-3 examples

2. Extensive property- define and give 2-3 examples

C. Chemical Properties (what are they)

1. Give exmples!

For your notes:

A. Matter is anything that takes up space and composed of miniscule particles called atoms. It must display the two properties of mass and volume.

The different types of matter can be differentiated through two components: composition and properties. The composition of matter mentions the different components of matter along with their relative proportions. The property of matter means the attributes that differentiate one sample of matter from another. These properties are of two types: – Physical and Chemical

B. Physical properties: –

If we are measuring a physical property then we do not need to change the composition of matter. These properties are used to measure and describe matter. Two types of physical properties are there:-

Intensive Property: – A physical property that will not be changed if the amount of matter changes such as density and color.

Extensive Property: – A physical property that will not remain the same if the amount of matter changes such as mass and volume.

Summary- Physical properties are properties that can be measured or observed without changing the chemical nature of the substance. The same element is present before and after the change. Some examples of physical properties are:

• color (intensive)
• density (intensive)
• volume (extensive)
• mass (extensive)
• boiling point (intensive): the temperature at which a substance boils
• melting point (intensive): the temperature at which a substance melts

C. Chemical Properties:

• is a property or characteristic of a substance that is observed during a reaction in which the chemical composition or identity of the substance is changed: Combustibility (ability to catch on fire) is an important chemical property to consider when choosing building materials.

Here are some other examples of chemical properties.

• Ability to react with other chemicals.
• Flammability- refers to whether a compound will burn when exposed to flame. Again, burning is a chemical reaction—commonly a high-temperature reaction in the presence of oxygen.
• Magnetic ability
• Ability to oxidize (reacts with oxygen) ex. forms rust or tarnish on silver

Key Points

• All properties of matter are either physical or chemical properties and physical properties are either intensive or extensive.
• Extensive properties, such as mass and volume, depend on the amount of matter being measured.
• Intensive properties, such as density and color, do not depend on the amount of the substance present.
• Physical properties can be measured without changing a substance’s chemical identity.
• Chemical properties can be measured only by changing a substance’s chemical identity.