This study develops an automatic safety braking system using an electromagnetic disc brake designed to enhance vehicle safety by responding automatically to driving conditions. The system employs sensors and data analysis to monitor speed, distance, and obstacles, engaging the electromagnetic brake to assist or replace conventional braking when needed. The electromagnetic braking mechanism offers rapid response, smoother deceleration, and reduced wear compared to traditional brakes. Testing and simulations show improved braking efficiency, reduced stopping distances, and enhanced safety, especially during emergencies, demonstrating the potential of this technology in modern automotive safety systems. 

This study introduces a theoretical design of a Curved Plate and Frame Heat Exchanger that balances the benefits of straight and spiral plate exchangers. The curved design enhances heat transfer efficiency and compactness, optimizing fluid dynamics to improve thermal performance and reduce fouling. Analytical modeling and simulations were conducted to assess heat transfer rates, pressure drops, and overall efficiency. Results indicate that the Curved Plate and Frame Heat Exchanger offer superior thermal performance with manageable pressure drops, making it an effective alternative for efficient and compact heat exchange applications.