COMPLETED TASKS DURING THE PERIOD

1.Suitability of using Hi-Link Power supply module for power supply circuit

AC-DC modules are compact, isolated and efficient AC-DC switch-mode drop-in converters, providing a switch mode constant voltage generator. They are an easy to use, standalone solution that does not require additional external circuitry.

SPAC265 modules are used in many applications where compact power supplies are required. Modules mainly target industrial control, industrial appliances and metering applications.

The SPAC265-3W series presents a wide range input voltage. These single-output modules deliver 3 W of output power with a maximum current of up to 250 mA at 12 V output voltage.

SPAC265 modules are a plug-and-play solution that simplifies and speeds designs. Being CE compliant, they reduce the time and effort to gain agency approval. All modules are RoHS compliant and ensure low power consumption in standby conditions, < 300 mW, and are fully protected against overvoltage and short-circuit conditions.

2.Small research about Hi-Link Power Supply Module performance

2.Specifications of the all the modules we used for this project

ESP8266 Wifi Module

The ESP8266 WiFi Module is a self contained SOC with integrated TCP/IP protocol stack that can give any microcontroller access to your WiFi network. The ESP8266 is capable of either hosting an application or offloading all WiFi networking functions from another application processor. Each ESP8266 module comes pre-programmed with an AT command set firmware, meaning, you can simply hook this up to your Arduino device and get about as much WiFi-ability as a WiFi Shield offers (and that's just out of the box)! The ESP8266 module is an extremely cost effective board with a huge, and ever growing, community.

This module has a powerful enough on-board processing and storage capability that allows it to be integrated with the sensors and other application specific devices through its GPIOs with minimal development up-front and minimal loading during runtime. Its high degree of on-chip integration allows for minimal external circuitry, including the front-end module, is designed to occupy minimal PCB area. The ESP8266 supports APSD for VoIP applications and Bluetooth co-existance interfaces, it contains a self-calibrated RF allowing it to work under all operating conditions, and requires no external RF parts.

There is an almost limitless fountain of information available for the ESP8266, all of which has been provided by amazing community support. In the Documents section below you will find many resources to aid you in using the ESP8266, even instructions on how to transform this module into an IoT (Internet of Things) solution!

Note: The ESP8266 Module is not capable of 5-3V logic shifting and will require an external Logic Level Converter. Please do not power it directly from your 5V dev board.

Module Features

• 802.11 b/g/n

• Wi-Fi Direct (P2P), soft-AP

• Integrated TCP/IP protocol stack

• Integrated TR switch, balun, LNA, power amplifier and matching network

• Integrated PLLs, regulators, DCXO and power management units

• +19.5dBm output power in 802.11b mode

• Power down leakage current of <10uA

• 4MB Flash Memory

• Integrated low power 32-bit CPU could be used as application processor

• SDIO 1.1 / 2.0, SPI, UART

• STBC, 1×1 MIMO, 2×1 MIMO

• A-MPDU & A-MSDU aggregation & 0.4ms guard interval

• Wake up and transmit packets in < 2ms

• Standby power consumption of < 1.0mW (DTIM3)

Documentation

Micro SD Card Reader Module

The micro SD card module contains two main components that make it undoubtedly easy to add data logging to your next Arduino project:

• The operating voltage of any standard micro SD Cards is 3.3 V. So we cannot directly connect it to circuits that use 5V logic. In fact, any voltages exceeding 3.6V will permanently damage the micro SD card. That’s why; the module has an onboard ultra-low dropout regulator that will convert voltages from 3.3V – 6V down to ~3.3V.

• There’s also a 74LVC125A chip on the module which converts the interface logic from 3.3V-5V to 3.3V. This is called logic level shifting. That means you can use this board to interact with both 3.3V and 5V microcontrollers like Arduino.

There are actually two ways to interface with micro SD cards – SPI mode and SDIO mode. SDIO mode is way faster and is used in mobile phones, digital cameras etc. But it is more complex and requires signing non-disclosure documents. For that reason, hobbyist like us will likely never encounter SDIO mode interface code. Instead, every SD card module is based on ‘lower speed & less overhead’ SPI mode that is easy for any microcontroller to use.

Description:

The module (MicroSD Card Adapter) is a Micro SD card reader module, through the file system and the SPI interface driver, SCM system to complete the file read and write MicroSD card. Arduino users can directly use the Arduino IDE comes with an SD card library card to complete the initialization and read

Features:

• Support Micro SD Card,Micro SDHC card (high-speed card)

• Onboard level conversion circuit, ie the interface level can be 5V or 3.3V

• The power supply is 4.5V ~ 5.5V, 3.3V voltage regulator circuit-board

• The communication interface is a standard SPI interface

• 5.4 M2 positioning screw holes for easy installation

• Control Interface:A total of six pins (GND, VCC, MISO, MOSI, SCK, CS), GND to ground, VCC for the power supply, MISO, MOSI, SCK is the SPI bus, CS is the chip select signal pin;

• 3.3V voltage regulator circuit :LDO regulator for 3.3V output level converter chip, Micro SD card supply;

• Level conversion circuit : Micro SD card to signal direction to convert 3.3V, MicroSD card interface to control the direction of the MISO signals are converted to 3.3V, general AVR microcontroller systems can read the signal;

• Positioning holes : 4 M2 screw positioning holes with a diameter of 2.2mm, so that the positioning module is easy to install, to achieve inter-module combination

Specifications:

• Power supply voltage VCC: 4.5 - 5.5

• Electric current: 0.2 - 200 mA

• Interface level: 3.3 or 5 V

• Support Card Type: Micro SD card (<= 2G), Mirco SDHC cards (<= 32G)

• Size: 42X24X12 mm

• Weight: 5g

16*2 LCD Display

The term LCD stands for liquid crystal display. It is one kind of electronic display module used in an extensive range of applications like various circuits & devices like mobile phones, calculators, computers, TV sets, etc. These displays are mainly preferred for multi-segment light-emitting diodes and seven segments. The main benefits of using this module are inexpensive; simply programmable, animations, and there are no limitations for displaying custom characters, special and even animations, etc.

The 16×2 LCD pinout is shown below.

• Pin1 (Ground/Source Pin): This is a GND pin of display, used to connect the GND terminal of the microcontroller unit or power source.

• Pin2 (VCC/Source Pin): This is the voltage supply pin of the display, used to connect the supply pin of the power source.

• Pin3 (V0/VEE/Control Pin): This pin regulates the difference of the display, used to connect a changeable POT that can supply 0 to 5V.

• Pin4 (Register Select/Control Pin): This pin toggles among command or data register, used to connect a microcontroller unit pin and obtains either 0 or 1(0 = data mode, and 1 = command mode).

• Pin5 (Read/Write/Control Pin): This pin toggles the display among the read or writes operation, and it is connected to a microcontroller unit pin to get either 0 or 1 (0 = Write Operation, and 1 = Read Operation).

• Pin 6 (Enable/Control Pin): This pin should be held high to execute Read/Write process, and it is connected to the microcontroller unit & constantly held high.

• Pins 7-14 (Data Pins): These pins are used to send data to the display. These pins are connected in two-wire modes like 4-wire mode and 8-wire mode. In 4-wire mode, only four pins are connected to the microcontroller unit like 0 to 3, whereas in 8-wire mode, 8-pins are connected to microcontroller unit like 0 to 7.

• Pin15 (+ve pin of the LED): This pin is connected to +5V

• Pin 16 (-ve pin of the LED): This pin is connected to GND.

Features

The features of this LCD mainly include the following.

• The operating voltage of this LCD is 4.7V-5.3V

• It includes two rows where each row can produce 16-characters.

• The utilization of current is 1mA with no backlight

• Every character can be built with a 5×8 pixel box

• The alphanumeric LCDs alphabets & numbers

• Is display can work on two modes like 4-bit & 8-bit

• These are obtainable in Blue & Green Backlight

• It displays a few custom generated characters

Tutorials for 16*2 LCD Display

Atmega328P Microcontroller

ATmega-328 is basically an Advanced Virtual RISC (AVR) micro-controller. It supports the data up to eight (8) bits. ATmega-328 has 32KB internal builtin memory. This micro-controller has a lot of other characteristics. ATmega 328 has 1KB Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM). This property shows if the electric supply supplied to the micro-controller is removed, even then it can store the data and can provide results after providing it with the electric supply. Moreover, ATmega-328 has 2KB Static Random Access Memory (SRAM). ATmega 328 has several different features which make it the most popular device in today's market. These features consist of advanced RISC architecture, good performance, low power consumption, real timer counter having separate oscillator, 6 PWM pins, programmable Serial USART, programming lock for software security, throughput up to 20 MIPS etc. ATmega-328 is mostly used in Arduino.

How to use Atmega328P Microcontroller

ATMEGA328 is used similar to any other controller. All there to do is programming. Controller simply executes the program provided by us at any instant. Without programming controller simply stays put without doing anything.

As said, first we need to program the controller and that is done by writing the appropriate program file in the ATMEGA328P FLASH memory. After dumping this program code, the controller executes this code and provides appropriate response.

Entire process of using an ATMEGA328P goes like this:

1. List the functions to be executed by controller.

2. Write the functions in programming language in IDE programs.

You can download the IDE program for free in company websites. IDE program for AVR controllers is ‘ATMEL STUDIO’. Link for ATMEL STUDIO is given below.

(Usually Atmel Studio 6.0 for Windows7 [ http://atmel-studio.software.informer.com/6.0/ ],

Atmel Studio 7 for Windows10 [ https://www.microchip.com/avr-support/atmel-studio-7 ])

3. ATMEGA328P programming can also be done in ARDUINO IDE.

4. After writing the program, compile it to eliminate errors.

5. Make the IDE generate HEX file for the written program after compiling.

6. This HEX file contains the machine code which should be written in controller flash memory.

7. Choose the programming device (usually SPI programmer made for AVR controllers) which establishes communication between PC and ATMEGA328P. You can also program ATMEGA328P using ARDUINO UNO board.

8. Run the programmer software and choose the appropriate hex file.

9. Burn the HEX file of written program in ATMEGA328P flash memory using this program.

10. Disconnect the programmer, connect the appropriate peripherals for the controller and get the system started.

Tutorials