In your first post, you learned how to select an appropriate topic and find online articles about that topic. We've learned a lot about style and web writing since that assignment. This is your opportunity to choose another debatable topic to research and write about.
Let's continue to build our style guide with a focus of writing style.
Review the rubric for this assignment in Canvas.
Review Chapter 3 of our textbook, which discusses effective design choices.
Read each entry below from your classmates.
Choose a debatable issue of style (NOT grammar, mechanics, word choice, or spelling) that nobody in class has written about yet.
Topics might be styles for headlines, headings, lists, or fonts. In Chapter 3 and elsewhere, Redish covers many issues of style, and you may use her as an authority.
It must be a topic that is "debatable," not a simple question of "right" and "wrong." At the end of your post, you will make a suggestion about how our team will write regarding the topic you've researched.
You may want to return to the class discussion "Create an Organic Style Guide: Getting Started" in Canvas and check out some of the style guides found by your fellow students for ideas.
Find an authoritative source online that supports your position.
Review the example of an organic style guide entry ("Should we use serial (or Oxford) commas?") posted by your instructor on the first blog post. Use the same readable, conversational, and scannable format that we used for our first blog posts.
Find an empty text box below and submit your entry.
Create a headline for your post that describes its content and follows Redish's guidelines in Chapter 8. (Remember, questions make good titles or headlines.)
Directly under your headline, include your first and last name. (Otherwise, you will not earn points for this assignment.)
In your own words, summarize the debatable question posed by your topic.
In your own words, make your suggestion based on your reading of online authorities.
In your own words, describe your authoritative source and include a direct link so that readers can check it out.
Suvi
Colored writing on a colored background can be a fantastic way to decorate your writing and organize your work. Using colors in text or backgrounds can also destroy the effectiveness of the piece. If something is too loud or poorly color-coordinated, it will be too distracting for the reader, especially when writing on the web.
~Use the color wheel to check for correct color opposites.
~less is more, the font and background don't have to both have color.
~Don't use obnoxious colors like neons unless the page theme calls for it.
~Keep accessability in mind, can EVERYONE see this color clearly?
If you use the color wheel method I mentioned, use complimentary colors like red and green. If you don't like how that looks, make sure a bright color background is not paired with a bright colored text. Opposites attract.
By Dijonnay Brown
When writing professional content, should we use first-person (I, we, us) or third-person (he, she, they, it)? Some argue that first-person makes writing more engaging and personal, while others believe third-person maintains objectivity and professionalism.
To keep our writing clear and consistent, I suggest using third-person for formal writing and first-person for conversational content:
Third-person works best for reports, research papers, and technical documents because it maintains professionalism and objectivity.
First-person is more effective in blogs, marketing materials, and user-friendly guides since it creates a more engaging and relatable tone.
According to the APA Style Guide, third-person is preferred for academic and professional writing, but first-person is acceptable when emphasizing personal responsibility or direct engagement.
By applying this strategy, we can adapt our writing to different contexts while keeping our messaging clear and effective. Let’s make sure our content is professional when needed but also engaging when appropriate!
More conversational and engaging
Helps connect with the audience
Encourages ownership
Common in blogs and marketing
More formal and objective (academic and technical writing)
Avoids personal bias
Standard in research, reports and other formal styles
Source: Grammarly
By: Hannah Carolan
When we're writing headlines for our stuff, have you ever thought about how we capitalize the words? There are two main ways that people do it: sentence case and title case. Sentence case is like writing a normal sentence, where you just capitalize the first word and any proper nouns, you know, like "New study shows interesting things." Then there's title case, where you capitalize the first and last words, and pretty much all the important words in between, like "New Study Shows Interesting Things." It makes you wonder which way looks and reads best for what we're doing.
It might seem like a small thing, but how we capitalize our headlines can make a difference. Some people think title case makes headlines pop and tells you, "Hey, this is important!" It can create a strong visual look. But then, others think that sentence case feels more natural, like you are just reading a regular sentence. It can be easier on the eyes, especially if the headline is a bit longer. Plus, if we're going for a friendly, chatty vibe in our writing, sentence case might fit that better.
Keeping in mind how we normally write, it's usually pretty clear and easy to read, right? I feel like sentence case is the best way to go for headlines. Ginny Redish talks a lot about making things super easy to scan. Sentence case just feels more natural for that. When you see a headline in sentence case, it's like you can quickly grab the main point without being overwhelmed by a bunch of capitalized words. It just feels more friendly.
I found a really helpful Grammarly article titled Title Case vs. Sentence Case: Which Should You Use? that discusses the pros and cons of both styles. They explain that sentence case is often preferred for online content because it enhances readability and provides a cleaner, less cluttered look. This aligns perfectly with what Ginny Redish emphasizes in Letting Go of the Words about creating clear and scannable web content. Both sources suggest that prioritizing readability is key for engaging online audiences.
So, if we stick to sentence case for our headlines, based on the clear expectations from the Grammarly Blog and what Ginny Redish recommends for good web writing, I think our stuff will be easier to read and feel more natural for everyone checking it out.
Brand Voice Writing
Is a style guide approach consisting of unique terminology. It will also include sentence style, grammar style, punctuation.
What is Brand voice writing?
Brand voice writing is a writing style guide that caters to a fan base. This kind of writing caters to the personality, age group, interest and demographics of the reader. The style guide emphasizes, expressions such as terminologies, intelligence, various terms (older terms for the boomers) (modern terms for the teenagers) idioms and phrases lingo that could bring a smile to a reader's face. It has its own identity and character in the sentence. When it stands out and fun is because of how the sentence, words, expression comes out that caters to that particular reader.
What is Narrative writing?
Is the general sense of story-telling. It has the traditional plot, conflict and ending. Within those sentence structures traditional voice is emphasize. When it stands out and fun is because of the story plot, conflict and ending itself.
When it comes to the debate. I don't think that there's a debate between Traditional writing vs. Brand Voice writing because every reader has their own choice of fun stuff that caters to their 5 senses it is either the story itself or from the expression of story maybe even both. Although Brand voice selling has an embedded selling pitch.
I would say my suggestion especially when it comes to business writing is to select Voice brand writing. The reason is Voice brand writing is expressive. It has it's own identity. When you are trying to sell something in business you have to express yourself and be interesting in a short period of time to catch the audience. Audiences don't want to wait for the plot, conflict, ending it can be too long. And so, they prefer to get to the good stuff right away or get to the point stuff. So, you give the audience the good point stuff all the time. For business writing whether it is for designing a web online, radio book, TV commercial, I prefer Voice brand writing. Therefore, it has an embedded selling pitch.
By: Benjamin Davidson
Passive space is the unintentional, leftover emptiness that appears after content elements are placed. It's often symmetrical and static and simply separates elements without much thought to their shape or effect.
Active space intentionally designed emptiness. It's shaped, asymmetrical, and dynamic, used to guide the eyes, create flow, emphasize key elements, and add meaning or energy to a layout.
What is the debate?
When designing web content, should we rely on passive space, "the leftover, unplanned emptiness," or actively create and shape "active space" to guide users and enhance meaning? When and where is each approach best?
Advocates for passive space argue it is simple and functional, keeping content separated and readable. However, advocates of active space believe that consciously shaping space improves user experience, draws attention to important content, and makes the design more engaging and memorable.
We should use Active Space in our content layouts whenever possible. By planning the empty areas around and between elements, we can:
Guide users' eyes to key messages or calls to action.
Make the page feel open, modern, and less overwhelming.
Emphasize important content and create natural "hotspots" for attention.
Improve readability and navigation, especially on long or complex pages.
AND Academy says that Apple is really good at using empty space called "white space" on their website, but it's not just blank space for no reason. Apple places it carefully to make sure important stuff, like product images or text, stands out. This makes the website look clean and simple helps you focus on one thing at a time and gives you a better experience when using the site. Basically, Apple smartly uses whit space to highlight their products and make their website easier to use.
This photo is by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
By Alisha DeWolfe
Headings in writing are debated for the effect on flow versus their practical benefits. The real issue lies in balancing readability with flow. How can headings be used effectively without overwhelming the reader?
There are two sides to the debate. Some argue that excessive headings break the flow and make writing feel mechanical. Others believe headings improve clarity, especially for online readers who scan rather than read every word.
Headings can improve readability and structure. They aid readers in following the argument, identifying key points quickly, and retaining information more effectively. It is important not to overuse headings, but they should be employed to indicate changes in topic or emphasis.
I recommend that our class follow a few simple guidelines.
1. Use Hierarchy
Use headings in a logical order.
Example:
· Heading 1 (H1): Remote Work
· Heading 2 (H2): Benefits of Remote Work
§ Heading 3 (H3): Flexibility and Work-Life Balance
§ Heading 3 (H4): Increased Productivity
2. Be Descriptive
Ensure headings are clear, concise, and accurately reflect the content of each section. Avoid vague titles like “More Info.”
3. Keep It Short
Aim for 3–7 words when possible. Long headings can be hard to scan.
4. Use Keywords
In web content, include relevant keywords for SEO (Search Engine Optimization), especially in the first two heading tiers.
5. Avoid Skipping Levels
Don’t jump from a second-tier to a fourth-tier heading as this breaks the content flow and can confuse screen readers.
6. Maintain Consistency
Use the same style (capitalization, punctuation) for a professional appearance.
A good guide to refer to would be from the Microsoft Style Guide:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/style-guide/scannable-content/headings
By Cindy Jimenez
Many writers would agree that making words bold helps with the emphasis of the word or statement. Others might feel that the use of italics gives the same tone and that using too much bold can make the writing look sloppy.
Should we emphasize words by using bold or italics? If used too often bold can make ones writing look cluttered and can cause distraction, but it can help make important words stand out. Using italics can be tricky because you might not realize the change in font and oversee it and it is usually used in milder emphasis.
I recommend sticking to using bold for emphasis and tone. I think that as long as you are using the boldness sparingly it gives off the importance you are hoping for. Italics are good to use when the writer wants the word to stand out like in a title or when using a different language.
For more information visit Grammerbook.com
Image Source: BoldorItalics
Crimson Text, available on Google Fonts
Abril Fatface, available on Google Fonts
Omnes, available at Typekit
DIN 2014, available on Typekit
Image sources: Learn UI Design
Image source: Eric Kaprian (I made it.)
By Eric Kaprian
Using multiple fonts can add visual interest, show organization, improve readability, and reinforce branding. A serif font for your titles and headings can create visual interest, while a legible sans-serif font works well for your body text. By using these two fonts, readers can easily distinguish different sections of your content. The fonts you choose also play a key role in defining your branding or personality. However, using too many fonts can compromise your readability and increase your workload.
"Working with just one or two fonts can be challenging enough for most web designers, yet some still insist on using three, four, seven, or even more fonts in their designs. " -Jotform
Learn UI Design explains how to pair two or more fonts: typically, a serif font works well for titles and headings, and a sans-serif font for body text, or vice versa. We can use a third, less frequently used font for captions or quotes.
I recommend using mainly two fonts: Merriweather Bold for titles and headings, and Lato Regular for body text. For captions or quotes, we'll use Georgia Italic. Sub-headings should be in Lato Bold. I've provided an example of these fonts on the left.
Explores the importance of justifying font choices in design and offers practical tips for selecting the right fonts to enhance usability, readability, and brand identity.
Discusses how to effectively mix multiple fonts in web design, with tips on creating visual hierarchy, maintaining readability, and achieving aesthetic harmony.
A guide to choosing the right fonts for web design, covering topics like font pairing, readability, and typographic principles.
Alex McDonald
Often times in our writing we might want to engage or connect with our audience by being humorous or even sarcastic in our writing. Many suggest its unprofessional or even potentially offensive. How do we know when and not to be funny?
Depending on your audience or organization will factor in how funny you may want to be. Take brand like Vans, a brand that's intrinsically part of action sports culture, might have a better chance at being funny in their writing compared to a brand like Lui Vuitton. So make sure to guage your audience to determine how you'd like to write.
Much like before make sure to gauge your audience. Here are things to consider:
Try humor in just one small area at first.
Don't propose a full reband with humor.
Maybe start with a single campaign, not a whole rebrand.
sources: Embracing Humor
image source Embrace Humor
Image- Bulleted and Number List
Numbered Lists and Bullet Lists: Why and How?
Redish: Chapter 11
By Makenzi Nicholson
Both are important but different in their own ways.
Let's say you're making a cake, and you found a recipe online.
If the steps look like the following:
Pour into the pan
Remove and let it cool completely
Add all the ingredients together and mix
Put into the oven for 30 - 40 minutes
Preheat oven to 300°F
You would get confused about what order to prepare your cake.
Instead, the steps should look like this:
Preheat oven to 300°F
Add all the ingredients together and mix
Pour the mix into a pan
Put into the oven for 30 - 40 minutes
Remove and let it cool completely
Easy to read and to follow along.
Let's use the cake example again.
For the ingredients, the following should look like this:
1 cup sugar
1/2 cup butter
2 eggs
1/2 cup milk
1 1/2 cup flour
There is no need to put the ingredients in order since it's just stating what you need.
When making lists, think about what you'll write about. Unless you want people to follow steps, you'll most often use a bulleted list for your points.
Style Question
Why should you use hyperlinks in your content to ensure clarity, accessibility, and user-friendliness?
To improve both user experience and accessibility, you should follow the practice of using descriptive hyperlinks in all web writing.
What Are Descriptive Hyperlinks?
Descriptive hyperlinks use clear, meaningful text to describe where the link goes. Instead of vague phrases like “click here,” we link relevant words or phrases that give context.
Good example:
For guidance on accessible links, refer to the CSU Northridge Universal Design Center’s best practices.
Poor example:
To read more about link accessibility, click here
Why It Matters
Using clear, specific link text helps in multiple ways:
Accessibility: Screen readers rely on descriptive links to make sense of content for users with visual impairments.
Usability: Clear links improve the experience for all users by setting accurate expectations.
Searchability: Search engines use link text to understand what the linked page is about.
Authoritative Source
My approach is backed by the CSUN Universal Design Center, which provides clear guidelines for creating accessible links. They recommend avoiding generic phrases like “click here,” and instead linking text that accurately describes the purpose or content of the destination.
My Hyperlinking Guidelines
I will follow these rules when adding links to my content:
· Do not use vague phrases like “click here” or “read more.
· Avoid pasting full URLs into the body of the text.
· Always link meaningful text that tells the reader where the link leads.
· Keep links concise and contextually relevant.
By Tiberius Rigsby
source: Microsoft Word
The sheer number of typefaces that are available, each conveying a message of their own, makes the selection process challenging. The difficulty is compounded when a brand chooses a unique typeface for aesthetic purposes rather than legibility, potentially causing them to lose clientele.
The question that it leaves is how can we effectively balance a brands unique choices of typeface and font with the need for readability and function?
examples
Arial
Hanken Grotesk
Times New Roman
examples
Arial bold 12pt
Times New Roman Italic 18pt
When a visitor has a hard time telling distinguishing between a lowercase "I", "L" and the number "1" they are less likely to continue reading from that website
Choose fonts that blend well together, not compete for the visitors attention
Do not choose fonts that are drastically different, this can discourage the visitors
Avoid fonts that mimic hand writing
This will help the visitors skim the page in order to grab the information they need easily
My recommendation is to use Georgia size 30 for headers, size 20 for headlines, and Arial size 15 for the body
By: Octavia Simpson
In what ways does background clarity influence how visual content is understood or received by the audience? In visual communication, every detail matters. Including what's in the background. The background can strongly influence how the content is perceived.
Focus & Clarity: A clean background helps viewers focus on the key subject or message without visual distractions.
Professionalism: Clear, uncluttered visuals often appear more polished & trustworthy. Especially, in business or educational settings.
Cognitive Load: Busy backgrounds can overwhelm the viewer, making it harder to process information more quickly.
Perception & Tone: Viewers may subconsciously associate messy or noisy visuals with disorganization or lack of attention to detail.
Creative Intentions: In some cases, a more detailed background may be used for storytelling, branding, or aesthetic effect. So, totally clarity isn't always the goal.
Consistency Across Content: Establishing a standard for background clarity can help maintain a unified look across a team's visuals.
My Suggestion
Our class should adopt a standard for using clear, distraction-free backgrounds in visual content. Clean backgrounds help our work look more professional. They also, make the subject easier to understand & keep readers focused on the main message. While there may be creative exceptions. Having a clear default guideline would improve the overall quality & consistency of our team's content.
Easier to read on phones or screens
Help readers focus
Good for people with lower English skills
Sometimes long sentences are fine:
To explain something difficult
To list many things
But even then, we will use commas or dashes to make the meaning clear.
The Chicago Manual of Style (CMOS) doesn't prescribe a specific sentence length but emphasizes clarity and conciseness in writing. While CMOS doesn't provide explicit guidelines on sentence length, it advocates for clear and concise writing to enhance readability.
The U.S. government's Plain Language guidelines suggest keeping sentences short—generally 20 words or fewer—to improve readability.
Source: Photoworks
By, Savannah Stein
A content imaging style guide is essential for maintaining visual consistency. It provides clear guidelines on image selection, tone, composition, and formatting, ensuring a cohesive look across platforms. This consistency enhances audience recognition, improves accessibility, and streamlines content creation.
Adaptability Across Platforms: Should images be adjusted for different platforms (social media, websites, print), or should they remain identical everywhere?
Filter consistency vs authenticity: The use of filters contributes to a more consistent polished look (enhancing sharpness and enhancing colors) but also can lead to a distorted reality.
AI-Generated Style Consistency: With AI tools now capable of ensuring uniformity in imaging, there’s debate on whether this enhances creativity or diminishes artistic originality.
Color Palette Uniformity: Ensure images follow a consistent color scheme.
Lighting & Exposure: Keep lighting conditions uniform across images to maintain a professional and polished look.
Composition & Framing: Use similar angles, perspectives, and cropping techniques to create a cohesive visual experience.
Texture & Detail Level: Maintain a consistent level of sharpness, grain, or smoothness across images.
Image Filters & Editing Style: Apply the same editing techniques, such as contrast adjustments or saturation levels, to unify the aesthetic.
By Jason Sutton
With a person’s attention span being so short, it is imperative to manipulate your line length. Research has found that a ‘line length of 100 characters us read faster than a shorter line length,’ but the fastest to read was medium line length, which is about 50 to 75 characters.
When it comes to line length the question really comes down do this: are we trying to get information across quickly? Or are we trying to get information across in a comfortable manner? It can also be argued that some topics require longer line length due to complex ideas or topics. In social media we often see shorter line lengths to match the lack of attention span people have while scrolling.
The line length you use, is going to depend on the audience you are looking to reach. You also need to consider the medium you are using to convey your topic. If you are writing about a new prescription drug on the manufacturer’s website, you should use longer line length to impart more knowledge. If you are promoting the newest clothing fad on your Tik Tok shop, you would use shorter line length and supplement with graphics to attract attention.
1. Nordhealth. “Typography.” Nord Design System, nordhealth.design/typography/. Accessed 15 May 2025.
2. Redish, Janice. Letting Go of the Words: Writing Web Content that Works. Elsevier, 2012.
Lists are really useful when we just have a set of things that are related. They help break up long pieces of writing and make it easier to see each individual item. We can use:
Bullet points: For items that don't have a specific order. For example:
Key vocabulary words for this week
Materials needed for the art project
Topics we'll cover in the next meeting
Numbered lists: When the order of the items is important. For instance:
The first step in solving the math problem
The second stage of the water cycle
The three branches of the U.S. government
Tables are better when we need to compare different things based on specific details. They let people see information side-by-side, which makes it easier to spot similarities and differences.
For example, if we're talking about different types of poems, a table could show:
Redish, G. (n.d.). Letting go of the words.
Jesse Yetter
The use of all caps has been dated from before the modern English language. This had normalized how people read and understood text. To them, this was the way to show aesthetic seriousness.
Way too often we are seeing rudeness and negativity online. Poor grammar mistakes can make the reader confused of what the writing is portraying. Using proper netiquette such as politeness, respect and professionalism, helps the reader understand the context better.
Typing in all caps represents shouting in a modern day message and online posting. It represents an aggressive tone to the reader. It is often difficult to read in all caps, because of the block style letters. However, it is acceptable to use all caps in situations expressing strong emotion. For example
WHAT?
COOL.
WOW!
Imagine your best friend sending an all caps message which says "HEY!! DID YOU CATCH LAST NIGHTS EPISODE OF SPICE WARS?" How do you feel reading this? Are they yelling from across the Grand Canyon? Probably not, but it is unnecessary, unwanted, and most likely you may not respond.
Using ALL CAPS are for those who yell at you for taking their shopping cart. As they are still in their driver seat, turning into the parking lot, witnessing you in the act. This is not satisfactory. What will be reasonable is using all caps to show emotion or action. One word, maybe two at the most. Ask yourself this. When have you kicked the edge of your bed frame on accident? Did you scream any obscenities? I would have. To conclude, for professional, business and casual writing, capitalizing the first letter in the beginning of a paragraph is a respectable and proper way to write and speak to your audience. There are exceptions to names and places which some require to be capitalized.
All caps has been used since 200 a.d.
Derives from an old roman script
Also known as Majuscule
Capital letters attracted the eye
Has a uniform rectangular shape
Follow proper netiquite rules
Using all caps sends a confusing tone
Respect the person on the other end
Hate speech is a common problem
Stay polite and professional online
It can REALLY emphasize a point
Should not be used in formal writing
All caps letters are difficult to read
Makes you look like a rookie writer
It is okay to use, for small points