Reading Abilities

To evaluate the reading of the participants we administered the TILTAN battery for the identification of dyslexias. The TILTAN screening test (Friedmann & Gvion, 2003) was developed to identify subtypes of dyslexia in Hebrew. The screening test includes oral reading of 136 single Hebrew words (2–11 letters long), 30 word pairs (3–6 letters long), and 40 nonwords (3–6 letters long). In addition to the TILTAN screening test, the participants also read aloud word and nonword lists that were specifically designed to identify and characterize specific types of dyslexia: 120 migratable words, which are sensitive to letter position dyslexia; 60 words presented in word pairs, sensitive to attentional dyslexia; 78 potentiophonic words, sensitive to surface dyslexia, and 60 non-words sensitive to vowel-letter dyslexia. According to the rates of various error types in the screening test, we determined suspected types of dyslexia for each participant and ran additional tests accordingly.