Accelerometer

https://docs.revrobotics.com/rev-control-system/sensors/i2c/imu

https://github.com/RobotGirls/FTC-Team-5218/blob/master/2020/opmodes/test/AutopilotStrafeTest.java

https://docs.revrobotics.com/rev-control-system/sensors/i2c#configuring-i-2-c-sensors

What is an accelerometer?

Accelerometer is a device that measures acceleration, or the rate at which speed changes

Gyroscope is a device that measures orientation in terms of yaw, roll, and pitch

An accelerometer is an electromechanical device used to measure acceleration forces. Such forces may be static, like the continuous force of gravity or, as is the case with many mobile devices, dynamic to sense movement or vibrations. Acceleration is the measurement of the change in velocity, or speed divided by time.
The accelerometer is a device that can measure the force of acceleration, whether caused by gravity or by movement
An accelerometer can therefore measure the speed of movement of an object it is attached to.
This is the job of the accelerometer in the Nike + iPod used in running shoes. The piezoelectric sensors can tell if the shoe they are in is moving (in the instant that it is not, the device shuts itself down) and, based on the amount of time the shoe is on the ground vs. the amount of time it is in the air, the iPod can convert this information into an accurate measure of the speed at which the runner is moving.
Because an accelerometer senses movement and gravity, it can also sense the angle at which it is being held.
This is what makes the Wii work: Instead of a joystick, the user or player manipulates a controller (rather like a remote control). The controller contains solid-state accelerometers, which can sense the tilt, movement and speed being applied to them, as well as the direction in relation to the Wii's screen.
The use of the accelerometer in the iPhone is similar to that in the Wii, although on a smaller scale. The movement and tilt of the device is noted by the sensors, so it can tell which way the screen is being held.
An accelerometer is a device that measures changes in gravitational acceleration in a device it may be installed in. Accelerometers are used to measure acceleration, tilt and vibration in numerous devices.

At rest, an accelerometer measures 1g: the earth’s gravitational pull, which registers 9.81 meters per second or 32.185 feet per second. Accelerometers that use the piezoelectric effect measure a small voltage change. Others measure capacitance between two components.

To sense motion in multiple directions, an accelerometer must be designed with multi-axis sensors or multiple linear axis sensors. Three linear accelerometers are adequate to measure movement in three dimensions.

An accelerometer can help your project understand its surroundings better. Is it driving uphill? Is it going to fall over when it takes another step? Is it flying horizontally or is it dive bombing your professor? A good programmer can write code to answer all of these questions using the data provided by an accelerometer.