Validity in qualitative research refers to the accuracy and trustworthiness of the findings. Strategies such as triangulation, providing rich descriptions, reflecting on researcher biases, seeking peer debriefing, and involving participants in the analysis process are used to enhance validity. These techniques help ensure that the interpretations and conclusions drawn from the data are reliable and accurately represent the participants' perspectives. 

Reliability is focused on the consistency and dependability of the research process rather than the replication of results. To enhance reliability, researchers employ techniques such as maintaining detailed documentation of the research procedures, keeping an audit trail of decisions made, and ensuring transparency in data analysis and interpretation. By providing a clear account of the research process, other researchers can assess the dependability of the study and potentially replicate the research process, increasing the reliability of the findings. 

Validity refers to the degree to which a study measures what it intends to measure and accurately represents the target population or phenomenon. Validity in quantitative research is established through various methods such as using reliable measurement tools, conducting proper sampling techniques, ensuring appropriate research design, and addressing potential confounding variables. By employing these strategies, researchers aim to ensure that their findings are valid and can be generalized to the larger population or applied in real-world contexts. 

Reliability in quantitative research, specifically when using Cronbach's alpha in SPSS, assesses the internal consistency of a measurement scale or questionnaire. It measures the extent to which the items in the scale are consistently measuring the same construct. A high Cronbach's alpha value indicates strong internal consistency, indicating that the items in the scale are reliable and consistent in measuring the intended construct. Researchers use Cronbach's alpha to ensure that their measurement instrument is dependable and that the responses collected from participants are reliable for further analysis and interpretation.