To install Redis on Windows, you'll first need to enable WSL2 (Windows Subsystem for Linux). WSL2 lets you run Linux binaries natively on Windows. For this method to work, you'll need to be running Windows 10 version 2004 and higher or Windows 11.
Once you're running Ubuntu on Windows, you can follow the steps detailed at Install on Ubuntu/Debian to install recent stable versions of Redis from the official packages.redis.io APT repository.Add the repository to the apt index, update it, and then install:
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Redis is an in-memory key-value store known for its flexibility, performance, and wide language support. This tutorial demonstrates how to install, configure, and secure Redis on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.
To complete this guide, you will need access to an Ubuntu 20.04 server that has a non-root user with sudo privileges and a firewall configured with ufw. You can set this up by following our Initial Server Setup guide for Ubuntu 20.04.
This will download and install Redis and its dependencies. Following this, there is one important configuration change to make in the Redis configuration file, which was generated automatically during the installation.
Inside the file, find the supervised directive. This directive allows you to declare an init system to manage Redis as a service, providing you with more control over its operation. The supervised directive is set to no by default. Since you are running Ubuntu, which uses the systemd init system, change this to systemd:
Note: This setting is desirable for many common use cases of Redis. If, however, you prefer to start up Redis manually every time your server boots, you can configure this with the following command:
By default, Redis is only accessible from localhost. However, if you installed and configured Redis by following a different tutorial than this one, you might have updated the configuration file to allow connections from anywhere. This is not as secure as binding to localhost.
Note: The netstat command may not be available on your system by default. If this is the case, you can install it (along with a number of other handy networking tools) with the following command:
This output shows that the redis-server program is bound to localhost (127.0.0.1), reflecting the change you just made to the configuration file. If you see another IP address in that column (0.0.0.0, for example), then you should double check that you uncommented the correct line and restart the Redis service again.
When run by unauthorized users, such commands can be used to reconfigure, destroy, or otherwise wipe your data. Like the authentication password, renaming or disabling commands is configured in the same SECURITY section of the /etc/redis/redis.conf file.
Whether you should disable or rename a command depends on your specific needs or those of your site. If you know you will never use a command that could be abused, then you may disable it. Otherwise, it might be in your best interest to rename it.
Warning: The following steps showing how to disable and rename commands are examples. You should only choose to disable or rename the commands that make sense for you. You can review the full list of commands for yourself and determine how they might be misused at redis.io/commands.
In this tutorial, you installed and configured Redis, validated that your Redis installation is functioning correctly, and used its built-in security features to make it less vulnerable to attacks from malicious actors.
I tried this recommendation, however, this will not work with secure WSS (websocket) It seems like Redis - Daphne needs to connect to your droplet IP to create a secure working WSS websocket for users.
I am using Nginx - Gunicorn for HTTP requests and Redis - Daphne for WSS.Clients are authenticated for using this service, however, in terms of backend attacks towards the Redis server itself, I am not sure (Other than a PWD protection) how to limit incoming access when it needs to be allowed and set to the droplet IP. 127.0.0.1 will not work.
Configuring this type is also vague, as it is still fairly new.Bear in mind, that having this up and running locally is easier than getting it to a point where it will run securely - successfully - pain-free for you and your users on a live setup.
Hey,can you explain why the SPOP, SREM, RENAME commands are dangerous?I specifically intent to use 2 of those commands for a message buffering system (I filter subsequent duplicate message on the same id which eventually triggers a read to a different database and sends that data to another part of the application)
The tutorial is very detailed and easy to follow. But I think Redis password authentication is redundant for trusted networks such as localhost or private network between servers of the same application. However, it will be useful for public access though.
For faster performance, install redis with hiredis support, this provides a compiled response parser, and for most cases requires zero code changes.By default, if hiredis >= 1.0 is available, redis-py will attempt to use it for response parsing.
The above code connects to localhost on port 6379, sets a value in Redis, and retrieves it. All responses are returned as bytes in Python, to receive decoded strings, set decode_responses=True. For this, and more connection options, see these examples.
There is built-in support for all of the out-of-the-box Redis commands. They are exposed using the raw Redis command names (HSET, HGETALL, etc.) except where a word (i.e. del) is reserved by the language. The complete set of commands can be found here, or the documentation.
MULTI/EXEC: These are implemented as part of the Pipeline class.The pipeline is wrapped with the MULTI and EXEC statements bydefault when it is executed, which can be disabled by specifyingtransaction=False. See more about Pipelines below.
SUBSCRIBE/LISTEN: Similar to pipelines, PubSub is implemented asa separate class as it places the underlying connection in a statewhere it can't execute non-pubsub commands. Calling the pubsubmethod from the Redis client will return a PubSub instance where youcan subscribe to channels and listen for messages. You can only callPUBLISH from the Redis client (see this comment on issue#151for details).
You can install recent stable versions of Redis Stack from the official packages.redis.io YUM repository. The repository currently supports RHEL7/CentOS7, and RHEL8/Centos8. Add the repository to the repository index, and install the package.
Redis was designed for use by trusted clients in a trusted environment, and has no robust security features of its own. Redis does, however, have a few security features like a basic unencrypted password as well as command renaming and disabling. This tutorial provides instructions on how to install Redis and configure these security features. It also covers a few other settings that can boost the security of a standalone Redis installation on CentOS 8.
Note that this guide does not address situations where the Redis server and the client applications are on different hosts or in different data centers. Installations where Redis traffic has to traverse an insecure or untrusted network will require a different set of configurations, such as setting up an SSL proxy or a VPN between the Redis machines.
To complete this tutorial, you will need a server running CentOS 8. This server should have a non-root user with administrative privileges and a firewall configured with firewalld. To set this up, follow our Initial Server Setup guide for CentOS 8.
Inside the file, find the supervised directive. This directive allows you to declare an init system to manage Redis as a service, providing you with more control over its operation. The supervised directive is set to no by default. Since you are running CentOS, which uses the systemd init system, change this to systemd:
However, if you chose to set up Redis using another tutorial, then you may have updated the configuration file to allow connections from anywhere. This is not as secure as binding to localhost or a private IP.
If you need to bind Redis to another IP address (as in cases where you will be accessing Redis from a separate host) we strongly encourage you to bind it to a private IP address. Binding to a public IP address increases the exposure of your Redis interface to outside parties:
If, however, you do plan to access Redis from another host, you will need to make some changes to your firewalld configuration using the firewall-cmd command. Again, you should only allow access to your Redis server from your hosts by using their private IP addresses in order to limit the number of hosts your service is exposed to.
Though the generated password will not be pronounceable, it will be very strong and long, which is exactly the type of password required for Redis. After copying and pasting the output of that command as the new value for requirepass, it should read:
The other security feature built into Redis allows you to rename or completely disable certain commands that are considered dangerous. When run by unauthorized users, such commands can be used to reconfigure, destroy, or otherwise wipe your data. Some of the commands that are considered to be dangerous include:
Like the authentication password, renaming or disabling commands is configured in the SECURITY section of the /etc/redis.conf file. To enable or disable Redis commands, open the configuration file for editing one more time:
This step will go through a couple of ownership and permissions changes you may need to make to improve the security profile of your Redis installation. This involves making sure that only the user that needs to access Redis has permission to read its data. That user is, by default, the redis user.
The other permission you may need to change is that of the Redis configuration file. By default, it has a file permission of 640 and is owned by root, with secondary ownership by the root group: 152ee80cbc
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