‪Ali, S., Karaynir, A., Salih Doğan, H., Nachimuthu, R., Badu, K., & Bozdoğan, B. (2025). Degradation of Preformed Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Biofilms Using Disintegrated and Intact Phages. PHAGE, 6(1), 20–31.  ‪

 GK Megha.,MN.Sumana.,& Nachimuthu, R., Bacteriophage therapy: Unleashing the potential of bacteriophages in modern medicine‬. (2025). 

Manohar, P., Loh, B., Namasivayam Elangovan, Loganathan, A., Nachimuthu, R., & Leptihn, S. A Multiwell-Plate Caenorhabditis elegans Assay for Assessing the Therapeutic Potential of Bacteriophages against Clinical Pathogens (vol 10, e0139321, 2022)‬. (2022). 

Juliet, R., Loganathan, A., Neeravi, A., Bakthavatchalam, Y. D., Veeraraghavan, B., Manohar, P., & Nachimuthu, R. Characterization of Salmonella phage of the genus Kayfunavirus isolated from sewage infecting clinical strains of Salmonella enterica. Frontiers in Microbiology, 15, 1391777. 

Manohar, P., Loh, B., Nachimuthu, R., & Leptihn, S. (2024). Phage-antibiotic combinations to control Pseudomonas aeruginosa–Candida two-species biofilms. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 9354. 

Loganathan, A., Bozdogan, B., Manohar, P., & Nachimuthu, R. (2024). Phage-antibiotic combinations in various treatment modalities to manage MRSA infections. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 15, 1356179. 

Manohar, P., Loh, B., Turner, D., Tamizhselvi, R., Mathankumar, M., Elangovan, N., ... & Leptihn, S. (2024). In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the biofilm-degrading Pseudomonas phage Motto, as a candidate for phage therapy. Frontiers in Microbiology, 15, 1344962. 

Loganathan, A., Manohar, P., & Nachimuthu, R. (2023). Phage-Antibiotic Combination: An Effective Method for Eradication of Staphylococcus aureus. bioRxiv, 2023-03. 

Shanthini, T., Manohar, P., Hua, X., Leptihn, S., & Nachimuthu, R. (2023). Detection of Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae from Clinical Samples in Tamil Nadu. medRxiv, 2023-02. 

Loganathan, A., Manohar, P., Bozdogan, B., & Nachimuthu, R. (2023). Evaluation of Phage and Antibiotic Combinations for Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Eradication: Insights from the Wax Worm Model. bioRxiv, 2023-11. 

Mahalakshmi, R., & Ramesh, N. (2022). Occurrence and distribution of heavy metals in water and soil sediments of Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 194(12), 892. 

Manohar, P., Loganathan, A., Nachimuthu, R., Loh, B., Ma, L., Turner, D., & Leptihn, S. (2022). Complete genome sequence of Pseudomonas phage Motto. Microbiology Resource Announcements, 11(11), e00740-22. 

Ramesh, N., Manohar, P., Eniyan, K., Archana, L., Athira, S., Loh, B., ... & Leptihn, S. (2022). A lysozyme murein hydrolase with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity from Enterobacter phage myPSH1140. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 66(9), e00506-22 

Arumugam, S.N., Manohar, P., Sukumaran, S., Sadagopan, S., Loh, B., Leptihn, S. and Nachimuthu, R., 2022. Antibacterial efficacy of lytic phages against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in bacteraemia mice models. BMC microbiology, 22(1), pp.1-7. 

Loganathan, A. and Nachimuthu, R., 2022. In vitro and in vivo therapeutical efficiency of the staphylococcus phages and the effect of phage infectivity in well-mixed and spatial environment. Biologia, pp.1-13. 

Manohar, P., Loganathan, A., Nachimuthu, R., Loh, B., Ma, L., Turner, D. and Leptihn, S., 2022. Complete Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas Phage Motto. Microbiology Resource Announcements, pp.e00740-22. 

Ralte, V.S., Loganathan, A., Manohar, P., Sailo, C.V., Sanga, Z., Ralte, L., Zothanzama, J., Leptihn, S., Nachimuthu, R. and Kumar, N.S., 2022. The Emergence of Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria in Mizoram, Northeast India. Microbiology Research, 13(3), pp.342-349. 

Lopes, B.S., Hanafiah, A., Nachimuthu, R., Muthupandian, S., Md Nesran, Z.N. and Patil, S., 2022. The Role of Antimicrobial Peptides as Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Agents in Tackling the Silent Pandemic of Antimicrobial Resistance. Molecules, 27(9), p.2995.  

Manohar, P., Loh, B., Elangovan, N., Loganathan, A., Nachimuthu, R. and Leptihn, S., 2022. A multiwell-plate Caenorhabditis elegans assay for assessing the therapeutic potential of Bacteriophages against Clinical Pathogens. Microbiology spectrum, 10(1), pp.e01393-21. 

Manohar, P., Madurantakam Royam, M., Loh, B., Bozdogan, B., Nachimuthu, R. and Leptihn, S., 2022. Synergistic Effects of Phage–Antibiotic Combinations against Citrobacter amalonaticus. ACS infectious diseases, 8(1), pp.59-65.  

Loganathan, A. and Nachimuthu, R., 2022. Antibiotic resistance, biofilm forming ability, and clonal profiling of clinical isolates of from southern and northeastern India. Asian Biomedicine, 16(4), pp.191-199. 

VinodKumar C.S, Srinivasa  , Chirag Arun Kumar , Suneeta Kalasuramath , B.S Prasad , Jayasimha V.L , Ramesh Nachimuthu , Prasanth Manohar (2022) Therapeutic effectiveness of bacteriophage in the treatment of pneumonia caused by NDM-4 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a mouse model. Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine. 7 (2); 78-84.

Loh, B., Zhang, L., Hua, X., Yu, Y., Ma, L., Wang, X., Manohar, P., Nachimuthu, R., Martins, W.M., Toleman, M.A. and Leptihn, S., 2021. Complete genome sequence of the virulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Phage Geezett infecting multidrug-resistant clinical strains. Microbiology Resource Announcements, 10(48), pp.e00685-21. 

Loh, B., Wang, X., Hua, X., Luo, J., Wen, T., Zhang, L., Ma, L., Manohar, P., Nachimuthu, R., Grainge, I. and Yu, Y., 2021. Complete Genome Sequences of Bacteriophages Kaya, Guyu, Kopi, and TehO, Which Target Clinical Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microbiology Resource Announcements, 10(48), pp.e01043-21. 

Loganathan, A., Manohar, P., Eniyan, K., VinodKumar, C.S., Leptihn, S. and Nachimuthu, R., 2021. Phage therapy as a revolutionary medicine against Gram-positive bacterial infections. Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 10(1), pp.1-15. 

Ramesh, N., Manohar, P., Loganathan, A., Eniyan, K. and Leptihn, S., 2021. Phage Therapy as an Alternative Therapy. Frontiers in Anti-Infective Agents: Volume 6, 6, p.50. 

Loganathan, A. and Nachimuthu, R., 2021. Characterization of vB_Sau_S90, and vB_Sau_S165, a Broad Host Range Phages, and Multiple Phage Doses as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy to Eliminate Transient Phage Resistant Mutants in Staphylococcus Aureus. 

Nachimuthu, R., Royam, M.M., Manohar, P. and Leptihn, S., 2021. Application of bacteriophages and endolysins in aquaculture as a biocontrol measure. Biological Control, 160, p.104678. 

Nachimuthu, R. and Manohar, P., 2021, June. Phage Therapy as an alternative treatment strategy against Pseudomonas Infections. In Technological Advances in Science, Medicine and Engineering Conference 2021. 

Manohar, P., Loganathan, A. and Nachimuthu, R., 2021, June. Phenotypic characterization of colistin-resistant hypermucoviscous Klebsiella oxytoca from Tamil Nadu, India. In Technological Advances in Science, Medicine and Engineering Conference 2021. 

Manohar, P., Nachimuthu, R. and Leptihn, S., 2021, June. A simple whole-animal infection model to study the antibacterial efficacy of bacteriophages. In Technological Advances in Science, Medicine and Engineering Conference 2021. 

Manohar, P., Ramesh, N., Leptihn, S., Ravi, A. and Rudi, K., 2021. Reduced metagenomic sequencing (RMS) approach to determine the gut-associated phageome in mother-child. Human Microbiome Journal, 19, p.100078. 

Nachimuthu, R., Kannan, V.R., Bozdogan, B., Krishnakumar, V. and Manohar, P., 2021. CTX-M-type ESBL-mediated resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and conjugative transfer of resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from hospitals in Tamil Nadu, India. Access Microbiology, 3(3), p.000142. 

Manohar, P., Leptihn, S., Lopes, B.S. and Nachimuthu, R., 2021. Dissemination of carbapenem resistance and plasmids encoding carbapenemases in Gram-negative bacteria isolated in India. JAC-antimicrobial resistance, 3(1), p.dlab015. 

Prasanth, M., Kandasamy, E., Loganathan, A., Madurantakam, R.M., Sebastian, L. and Nachimuthu, R., 2021. Morphological characterization techniques for the isolation of virulent bacteriophages from environmental sources. Int J Bacteriophage Res, 1, pp.1-9. 

Loganathan, A., Manohar, P., Leptihn, S. and Ramesh, N., 2021. EFFECT OF PHAGE LIFESTYLE ON THE PLAQUE MORPHOLOGY. 

Prasanth, M., Kandasamy, E., Loganathan, A., Madurantakam, R.M., Sebastian, L. and Nachimuthu, R., 2021. Morphological characterization techniques for the isolation of virulent bacteriophages from environmental sources. Int J Bacteriophage Res, 1, pp.1-9. 

Manohar, P., Archana, L., Loh, B., Leptihn, S. and Ramesh, N., 2021. Assessing the efficacy of phage-cocktail and phage-antibiotic combinations against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli using a Galleria mellonella infection model. 

Royam, M.M. and Nachimuthu, R., 2020. Isolation, characterization, and efficacy of bacteriophages isolated against Citrobacter spp. an in vivo approach in a zebrafish model (Danio rerio). Research in Microbiology, 171(8), pp.341-350. 

Shanthini, T. and Ramesh, N., 2020. Phenotypic detection of hypermucoviscous phenotype in colistin-resistant Klebsiella oxytoca from Tamil Nadu. Research Journal of Biotechnology Vol, 15, p.10. 

Mahalakshmi, R., Pugazhendhi, A., Brindhadevi, K. and Ramesh, N., 2020. Analysis of Alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEOs) from tannery sediments using LC–MS and their environmental risks. Process Biochemistry, 97, pp.37-42. 

Manohar, P., Loh, B., Nachimuthu, R., Hua, X., Welburn, S.C. and Leptihn, S., 2020. Secondary bacterial infections in patients with viral pneumonia. Frontiers in medicine, 7, p.420. 

Manohar, P., Loh, B., Athira, S., Nachimuthu, R., Hua, X., Welburn, S.C. and Leptihn, S., 2020. Secondary bacterial infections during pulmonary viral disease: phage therapeutics as alternatives to antibiotics?. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11, p.1434. 

Sinha, A., Eniyan, K., Manohar, P., Ramesh, N. and Bajpai, U., 2020. Characterization and genome analysis of B1 sub-cluster mycobacteriophage PDRPxv. Virus research, 279, p.197884. 

Manohar, P., Joseph, A., Karthika, B., AnuPriya, P., Mani, S.S., Varsha, V.S. and Ramesh, N., 2020. Detection of NDM-1, VIM-1 and AIM-type metallo-beta-lactamase genes in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from clinical samples in Tamil Nadu. bioRxiv. 

Manohar, P., Shanthini, T., Bozdogan, B., Lundborg, C.S., Tamhankar, A.J., Palaniyar, N. and Ramesh, N., 2020. Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance Genes from Gram-positive Bacterium to Gram-negative Bacterium. bioRxiv. 

Loganathan, A., Manohar, P., Eniyan, K., Jayaraj, R. and Nachimuthu, R., 2019. Evaluation of various phenotypic methods with genotypic screening for detection of methicillin-resistant. Asian Biomedicine, 13(6), pp.225-233. 

Manohar, P., Tamhankar, A.J., Leptihn, S. and Ramesh, N., 2019. Pharmacological and immunological aspects of phage therapy. Infectious Microbes & Diseases, 1(2), pp.34-42. 

Tamhankar, A.J., Nachimuthu, R., Singh, R., Harindran, J., Meghwanshi, G.K., Kannan, R., Senthil Kumar, N., Negi, V., Jacob, L., Bhattacharyya, S. and Sahoo, K.C., 2019. Characteristics of a Nationwide Voluntary Antibiotic Resistance Awareness Campaign in India; Future Paths and Pointers for Resource Limited Settings/Low and Middle Income Countries. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(24), p.5141. 

Manohar, P. and Ramesh, N., 2019. Improved lyophilization conditions for long-term storage of bacteriophages. Scientific Reports, 9(1), pp.1-10. 

Jayaraj, R., Madhav, M.R., Nayagam, S.G., Kar, A., Sathyakumar, S., Mohammed, H., Smiti, M., Sabarimurugan, S., Kumarasamy, C., Priyadharshini, T. and Gothandam, K.M., 2019. Clinical theragnostic relationship between drug-resistance specific miRNA expressions, chemotherapeutic resistance, and sensitivity in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cells, 8(10), p.1250. 

Ramesh, N., Kannan, V.R., Bozdogan, B., Krishnakumar, V. and Manohar, P., 2019. Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL)-mediated resistance to third generation cephalosporins and conjugative transfer of resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from hospitals in Tamil Nadu, India. 

Ramesh, N., Archana, L., Royam, M.M., Manohar, P. and Eniyan, K., 2019. Effect of various bacteriological media on the plaque morphology of Staphylococcus and Vibrio phages. Access Microbiology, 1(4), p.e000036. 

Kumarasamy, C., Sabarimurugan, S., Madurantakam, R.M., Lakhotiya, K., Samiappan, S., Baxi, S., Nachimuthu, R., Gothandam, K.M. and Jayaraj, R., 2019. Prognostic significance of blood inflammatory biomarkers NLR, PLR, and LMR in cancer—A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine, 98(24). 

Shanthini, T., Manohar, P., Samna, S., Srividya, R., Bozdogan, B., Rameshpathy, M. and Ramesh, N., 2019. Emergence of plasmid-borne bla oxa-181 gene in Ochrobactrum intermedium: first report from India. Access Microbiology, 1(3). 

Poddar, A., Aranha, R., Royam, M.M., Gothandam, K.M., Nachimuthu, R. and Jayaraj, R., 2019. Incidence, prevalence, and mortality associated with head and neck cancer in India: Protocol for a systematic review. Indian Journal of Cancer, 56(2), p.101. 

Manohar, P., Tamhankar, A.J., Lundborg, C.S. and Nachimuthu, R., 2019. Therapeutic characterization and efficacy of bacteriophage cocktails infecting Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterobacter species. Frontiers in microbiology, 10, p.574. 

Manohar, P., Ragavi, M., Augustine, A., Hrishikesh, M.V. and Ramesh, N., 2019. Identification of blaGIM-1 in Acinetobacter variabilis isolated from the hospital environment in Tamil Nadu, India. bioRxiv, p.586164. 

Manohar, P., Tamhankar, A.J., Lundborg, C.S. and Ramesh, N., 2018. Isolation, characterization and in vivo efficacy of Escherichia phage myPSH1131. PloS one, 13(10), p.e0206278. 

Manohar, P., Nachimuthu, R. and Lopes, B.S., 2018. The therapeutic potential of bacteriophages targeting gram-negative bacteria using Galleria mellonella infection model. BMC microbiology, 18(1), pp.1-11. 

Tamhanka, A.J. and Ramesh, N., 2018. Bacterial load and contamination of Indian currency note: isolation and Transferability studies of multi-drug resistant bacteria. EXECUTIVE EDITOR, 9(6), p.97. 

Manohar, P., Babu, S., Bozdogan, B. and Ramesh, N., 2018. Identification of bla DIM-1 metallo-β-lactamase gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from Tamil Nadu, India. Journal of global antimicrobial resistance, 13, pp.7-8. 

Manohar, P., Shanthini, T., Ekta, P., Mahesan, J.B., Gothandam, K.M., Bozdogan, B. and Ramesh, N., 2018. Colistin-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: Prevalence of Integrons and Synergistic Out Turn for Colistin-Meropenem. Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases, 13(1). 

Manohar, P., Shanthini, T., Philip, R.A., Ramkumar, S., Kale, M. and Ramesh, N., 2018. Role of biofilm-specific antibiotic resistance genes PA0756-0757, PA5033 and PA2070 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. bioRxiv, p.341826. 

Manohar, P., Pandey, N., Shanthini, T., Ramkumar, S. and Ramesh, N., 2018. In vitro Synergistic Effect of Colistin in Combination with Meropenem and Rifampin against Carbapenem-Resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae. J Microbiol Exp, 6(1), p.00183. 

Manohar, P., Shanthini, T., Ayyanar, R., Bozdogan, B., Wilson, A., Tamhankar, A.J., Nachimuthu, R. and Lopes, B.S., 2017. The distribution of carbapenem-and colistin-resistance in Gram-negative bacteria from the Tamil Nadu region in India. Journal of medical microbiology, 66(7), pp.874-883. 

Manohar, P., Shanthini, T., Marathe, N., Jadhav, S., Slathia, S., Thomson, M., Jacob, J., Bozdogan, B. and Nachimuthu, R., 2017. Genetic characteristics of plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (CTX-M) and its coexistencewith carbapenemases (NDM-1) in clinical Gramnegative bacteria. 

Ramesh, N., Prasanth, M., KM, G. and Bozdogan, B., 2017. Nano-antibiotics: A Therapeutic Future. Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia, 7(1), pp.3-25. 

Nachimuthu, R., Subramani, R., Maray, S., Gothandam, K.M., Sivamangala, K., Manohar, P. and Bozdogan, B., 2016. Characterization of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria from Tamil Nadu. Journal of Chemotherapy, 28(5), pp.371-374. 

Ramesh, N., Prasanth, M., Ramkumar, S., Suresh, M., Tamhankar, A.J., Gothandam, K.M., Karthikeyan, S. and Bozdogan, B., 2016. Colistin susceptibility of gram-negative clinical isolates from Tamil Nadu, India. Asian biomedicine, 10(1), pp.35-39. 

Ramesh, N., Prasanth, M., Patel, A., Shah, M., Agrawal, P. and Gothandam, K.M., 2015. Screening of CTX-M Type Extended Spectrum. ETA-Lactamases Producing Clinical Isolates from Tamil Nadu, India. RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES, 6(4), pp.658-662. 

Ramesh, N., Pillai, A.P., RajanNambiar, N., Prasanth, M., Shanthini, T., Gothandam, K. and Karthikeyan, S., 2015. Prevalence of multi drug resistant strains on touch screen of Automated Teller Machine. PREVALENCE, 8(2). 

Nivas, D., Ramesh, N., Krishnakumar, V., Rajesh, P., Solomon, E.K. and Kannan, V.R., 2015. Distribution, isolation and characterization of lytic bacteriophages against multi-drug resistant and extended-spectrum of β-lactamase producing pathogens from hospital effluents. Asian J Pharm Clin Res, 8(2), pp.384-389. 

Srinivasan, R., Kumar, V.A., Kumar, D., Ramesh, N., Babu, S. and Gothandam, K.M., 2015. Effect of dissolved inorganic carbon on β-carotene and fatty acid production in Dunaliella sp. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, 175(6), pp.2895-2906. 

Ramesh, N., Drishya Nair, V., Karthiayani, H., Prasant, M., Shanthini, T. and Gothandam, K.M., 2004. Prevalence of blaNDM-1 among Gram negative bacteria from clinical samples of Tamin Nadu. Int. J. Medicobiol. Res, 1, pp.389-393.