Course Outcomes:

After completion of the course, student would be able to

Explain fundamental concepts on quantum behavior of matter in its micro Explain the quantum principles to analyze the behavior of quantum systems through Schrodinger’s wave equation for classification of solids.
Compare and classify dielectric, magnetic materials and semiconductors in the presence of external fields for various applications.
Apply the principles of energy matter interactions to various types of lasers, optical fibers and analyze their characteristics for different applications.

Syllabus

UNIT-I: Quantum Mechanics

Introduction to quantum physics, black body radiation, Planck’s law (qualitative), photoelectric effect, de-Broglie’s hypothesis, wave-particle duality, Davisson and Germer experiment, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, Born’s interpretation of the wave function, Schrodinger’s time independent wave equation, particle in one dimensional box.

UNIT II: Band theory of solids

Electrons in a periodic potential-Bloch theorem, Kronig-Penney model (qualitative treatment), Brillouin zones (E-k curve), origin of energy band formation in solids, concept of effective mass of an electron, classification of materials into conductors, semiconductors and insulators.

UNIT-III: Semiconductors

Classification of semiconductors: n-type, p-type, carrier concentration in intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, Fermi level in intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, variation of Fermi level with temperature and concentration of dopants in extrinsic semiconductors, direct and indirect band gap semiconductors, Hall effect and its applications.

UNIT-IV: Lasers and Fiber Optics

Laser:

Interaction of radiation with matter: absorption, spontaneous emission and stimulated emission. characteristics of laser, resonating cavity, active medium, pumping methods and mechanisms, population inversion, construction and working of lasers: Nd: YAG laser, He-Ne laser, Carbon dioxide (CO2) laser, applications of lasers.

Fiber Optics:

Introduction, total internal reflection, acceptance angle, acceptance cone and numerical aperture, step and graded index optical fibers, losses associated with optical fibers, applications of optical fibers.

UNIT-V: Dielectric and Magnetic Properties of Materials

Dielectric properties

Electric dipole, dipole moment, dielectric constant, polarizability, electric susceptibility, displacement vector, electronic and ionic polarizations (quantitative), orientation and space charge polarizations (qualitative). Internal fields in solids, Clausius-Mosotti equation, ferroelectric, piezoelectric and their applications.

Magnetic properties

Origin of magnetic moment, Bohr magneton, classification of dia, para, ferro, anti-ferro and ferrimagnetic materials, domain theory of ferro magnetism, hysteresis curve, soft and hard magnetic materials and their applications.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Halliday and Resnick, Physics -Wiley.

2. Engineering Physics, B.K. Pandey, S. Chaturvedi – Cengage Learing.

3. A Textbook of Engineering Physics, Dr. M. N. Avadhanulu, Dr. P.G. Kshir sagar - S. Chand

REFERENCES:

Semiconductor Optoelectronics: Physics and Technology, J. Singh, Mc Graw-Hill Inc., 1995.
A Textbook of Engineering Physics, Dr. M. N. Avadhanulu, Dr. P.G. Kshirsagar, S. Chand, Revised Edition, 2018.
Online Course: “Optoelectronic Materials and Devices” by Monica Katiyar and Deepak Gupta on NPTEL.
Introduction to Solid State Physics, C. Kittel, Wiley Publications, 8th Edition, 2004.

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