Though the concept of "queerbaiting" is largely acknowledged within the queer community, however, the definition of this concept varies slightly depending on who you ask. One general definition could be, to call out media producers and performers who they believe have deliberately inserted homoerotic subtext in order to court a queer following, and yet never actualize this subtext" (Brennan 2018).
In our survey sent out to peers and friends, we asked them if they were familiar with the concept of queerbaiting. Out of the respondents that said they felt that they knew what it meant, we wanted to know how they would define it, given that the definition can be fluid. Here are some of their definitions:
Examples of queerbaiting come in all different forms; it can refer to a plot line within a show or movie, an actor playing a queer character, or individuals using queerness in real-life interactions. That being said it can look different depending on the platform and the media you are looking at. For example, on YouTube, “vlogs in which not-(yet)-out Influencers display. . . overt discursive intimacies with same-sex Influencers are sometimes deliberate attempts to fan viewer speculations about an Influencers sexuality,” (Abidin 2019). It can also look like otherwise straight men discussing their use of cosmetics on YouTube, but masquerading it as self-care or taking care of their health (Abidin 2019). Below are some other examples of what the queer community has identified as queerbaiting in various forms of media:
Black Lighting
This was the cover photo on Netflix during Pride Month; however, this romance was not largely explored in the show.
(Everything You Need n.d.)
Kit Connor
Connor was forced to come out on social media after queerbaiting allegations following to release of Heartstopper.
(Fowler 2022)
Stranger Things
Throughout Season 1 and 4, Will's sexuality was hinted at, but not properaly developed at all in the show.
(Soteriou 2022)
Madonna and Britney Spears
During their 2003 VMA's performance, Madonna and Spears shared a friendly kiss.
(Rosa 2019)
We have mentioned the question whether straight actors should be able to play queer roles, but what does it look like when we see good representation instead of alleged queerbaiting? In a interview with actor, writer, and comedian Mae Martin, when asked about whether they would have benefited from having someone like themselves on TV like in their show Feel Good, they said, "Wow I can’t even imagine. I mean, the character Mae is a little more myopic and self absorbed than me, so they’d probably be too wrapped up in some melodrama to really absorb a TV show and relate to it. But I know that if I had been able to watch that story as a teenager it would have massively reassured me and made me feel less alone so I do hope that some people find it helpful, and hopefully avoid some of the pit falls that my character went through.
There a couple of a facets of queerbaiting that are worth discussing. One is the harm of the privacy that comes to sexuality. As this video discussed, actors portraying queer roles are put in a unique spot, should they not publicly discuss their own sexuality (Chen 2023). This poses a question: should only queer actors be able to play queer roles? This segues into the next danger of the accusation of queerbaiting, the fervent support of queer fans. When queer subtexts promise a large queer following, and when that queer subtext is never acted on, this teaches the idea of heteronormativity as the "universal standard" (Bridges 2018). This fervent support, as suggested by scholars, is what creates the cementation and negotiation of supposed queerbaiting (Brennan 2018). In other words, their idea of what queerness looks like drives what they consider to be queer subtexts, and if that subtext is not highlighted or followed through, queer communities cement what is or is not considered queerbaiting.
References
Abidin, C. (2019). Yes Homo: Gay influencers, homonormativity, and queerbaiting on YouTube. Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural Studies, 33(5), 614–629. https://doi-org.proxy.lib.csus.edu/10.1080/10304312.2019.1644806
Brennan, J. (2018). Introduction: Queerbaiting. Journal of Fandom Studies, 6(2), 105–113. https://doi- org.proxy.lib.csus.edu/10.1386/jfs.6.2.105_2
Bridges, E. (2018). A genealogy of queerbaiting: Legal codes, production codes, ‘bury your gays’ and ‘The 100 mess.’ Journal of Fandom Studies, 6(2), 115–132. https://doi.org/10.1386/jfs.6.2.115_1
Chen, Frederic. “‘stop Queerbaiting! 😡🏳️🌈’ Please Shut up. #lgbt #shorts #youtubeshorts.” YouTube, YouTube, 16 Oct. 2023, www.youtube.com/shorts/givOqgEF8Xw.
Everything You Need to Know About “Black Lightning” on Netflix. New On Netflix. (n.d.). https://www.newonnetflix.info/
Fowler, B. (2022). Kit Connor from netflix hit heartstopper ‘forced’ to come out. news.com.au. https://www.news.com.au/entertainment/tv/streaming/kit-connor-from-netflix-hit heartstopper-forced-to-come-out/news-story/6284b76d61f157e500003d96c6535a3a
Rosa, C. (2019, August 21). 8 things you never noticed about the Britney-madonna kiss performance at the 2003 VMAS. Glamour. https://www.glamour.com/story/britney-spears-madonna-kiss-performance-2003-vmas-easter-eggs
Soteriou, S. (2022, July 18). “Stranger things” has sparked a conversation about “queerbaiting” after Noah Schnapp confirmed that will is gay. BuzzFeed News. https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/stephaniesoteriou/stranger- things-noah-schnapp-will-gay-queer-baiting