import

import modules

In Python, modules are files that contain code which can be imported into other files or programs. Modules allow us to organize and reuse code by encapsulating it in a single file. The import statement is used to load a module into the current program so its functions, classes and variables can be accessed within the program.

Built-in modules

Python has a number of built-in modules that are available for use. These include the math, random, and datetime modules which provide access to mathematical functions, pseudo-random numbers, and date/time functionality. Other modules such as os and sys allow us to interact with the operating system from within our programs.

External modules

In addition to built-in modules, Python can also load external modules. External modules are third-party libraries that provide additional functionality not included in the standard library. These libraries must be installed separately from the main Python installation before they can be imported into a program. Examples of popular external modules include NumPy (which provides powerful numerical processing capabilities) and Matplotlib (which provides plotting functions).

User defined modules

User defined modules are modules that you create yourself. These can be used to organize and reuse code within your own programs. To import one of these modules, you must first save the module in a file with a .py extension, then use the import statement to load it into your program.