basics

A high-level programming language is a programming language that is designed to be easy to read and write, and that abstracts away many of the low-level details of the computer's hardware and operating system.

High-level programming languages are generally more expressive and more natural to write than low-level languages like assembly or machine code, which are closer to the binary code that the computer can directly execute.

High-level programming languages typically provide more advanced data structures, built-in functions and libraries, and easier-to-use syntax, which makes it easier for developers to write complex programs with fewer lines of code.

Examples of high-level programming languages include Python, JavaScript, Ruby, and Java, among many others.

In the context of programming languages, an interpreted language is a language that is executed directly without being compiled into machine code. Interpreted languages are executed line by line, and the program's instructions are translated and executed on the fly by an interpreter program. This is in contrast to compiled languages, where the source code is translated into machine code before the program is executed. Python is an example of an interpreted language, whereas languages like C or Java are compiled languages.

Dynamically typed means that the type of a variable in a programming language is determined at runtime, rather than at compile time. In dynamically typed languages like Python, you can declare a variable and assign a value to it without specifying its type. The type of the variable is inferred from the value that is assigned to it.

For example, in Python, you can write:

x = 1    # integer

x = "hello"    # string

x = [1, 2, 3]    # list

In this code, the variable x is assigned different types (integer, string, and list) at different times, and the interpreter keeps track of the type of x at each point during the program's execution.

This is in contrast to statically typed languages like Java, where the type of a variable is declared at compile time and cannot be changed during runtime.

1. Web frameworks: Python has several popular web frameworks that make it easy to build web applications, such as Flask and Django. These frameworks provide tools and abstractions to handle tasks like routing, rendering templates, and managing sessions.

2. Database access: Python has several libraries and modules for working with databases, including SQLite, PostgreSQL, and MySQL. These libraries can be used to store and retrieve data for web applications.

3. Web servers: Python web applications can be served using a variety of web servers, including the built-in development server that comes with Flask and Django, as well as more robust servers like uWSGI and Gunicorn.

4. Front-end development: Python can be used in conjunction with front-end technologies like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to build dynamic and interactive web applications. Popular front-end frameworks like React and Angular can also be used with Python.