Butler’s Tourism Life Cycle:
According to Butler’s Tourism Cycle, the Sunduan Festival of Dasmariñas is no longer in the Development Stage but has entered the Consolidation Stage. While it began as a small community tradition that eventually evolved into a city-organized cultural event, recent evidence shows that its growth is now slowing down. Participation numbers reflect this trend: from 72 pairs in 2017 (PNA, 2017) to only 60 pairs in 2025 (Vice Mayor Third Barzaga, 2025). Although the number of participants remains significant, the decline indicates that the festival’s expansion has started to stabilize rather than continuously rise.
The festival has also been a long-standing tradition, with its 16th year celebrated in 2018, which means the event has been going on for a very long time since its commencement in 2003. Instead of rapid growth, current efforts focus on investing to keep the festival attractive and relevant. The City Tourism Office continues to integrate the Sunduan Festival into Dasmariñas’ city branding, tying it closely to the local economy. The event now draws spending on costumes, parades, food, transport, and even designer competitions supported by LGU stipends. For instance, the city provides PHP 20,000 per participating designer and an additional prize for the winning designer, highlighting how the festival promotes homegrown talent while strengthening its cultural identity.
Furthermore, the Sunduan Festival contributes to Dasmariñas’ recognition as a cultural hub by showcasing Filipino heritage through parades, performances, and competitions. Although not strongly reported, possible inconveniences such as traffic rerouting, noise, and crowding can irritate residents, which reflects the challenges of balancing cultural preservation, tourism growth, and community well-being.
In line with Butler’s (1980) framework, the Sunduan Festival’s current status under the Consolidation Stage illustrates how tourism activities expand with institutional and economic support while reaching a level in visitor growth. The festival remains an important part of Dasmariñas’ cultural tourism, but its focus has shifted from expansion to sustaining visibility, economic ties, and long-term relevance.
Natural Hazards
Extreme Heat
Dasmarinas City, experiences a medium level of extreme heat hazard. During outdoor events like the Sunduan Festival, extreme heat can cause heat exhaustion, dehydration, and heat stroke among attendees.
Heavy Rain
The province is frequently affected by heavy rain associated with monsoon patterns. Heavy rains during the festival can lead to flooding and slippery conditions, increasing the risk of accidents and disruption.
Typhoons
Brings strong winds, heavy rain, and the danger of flooding and storm surge. Such conditions can cause significant damage to event infrastructure and pose safety risks to attendees.
Earthquakes
This can occur abruptly and may trigger secondary hazards such as building collapse or landslides, endangering festival-goers' safety.
Man-Made Hazards
Crowded streets and parades create opportunities for thieves to target both tourists and locals, making theft a notable concern during the festival.
Overcrowding during parades can lead to stampedes or trampling incidents if crowd control measures are insufficient.
Increased vehicular and pedestrian movement during the festival can raise the risk of road accidents near event areas.
Location
The Sunduan is usually held at the City Hall Quadrangle, located within the Dasmariñas City Hall complex along Governor’s Drive, Dasmariñas, Cavite.
Available Transportation
Transportation to the Sunduan Festival in Dasmariñas is accessible via public vehicles such as buses and jeepneys serving routes to and within the city. Private cars and ride-hailing apps like Grab are also commonly used for convenient and direct transportation to event venues.
Transportation Infrastructure
The festival sites in Dasmariñas are accessible mainly via major roadways like Aguinaldo Highway (N419) and Governor’s Drive (N65), which link the city to Metro Manila and other parts of Cavite. The location of the festival is in key areas of Dasmariñas, near commercial centers, making it convenient for visitors to access additional facilities and amenities.
It is spearheaded and organized by the City Government of Dasmariñas, with leadership from the city mayor and other public officials. Specifically, the City Government of Dasmariñas, through its Office of the City Administrator and with coordination from local officials, including the mayor, oversees the planning and execution of the Sunduan Festival.
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Department of Education – Schools Division Office of Dasmariñas City. (2017). LGU-2017 Sunduan.https://www.depeddasma.edu.ph/lgu-2017-sunduan/
Pacific Disaster Center. (n.d.). Cavite hazard profile. https://dev.pdc.org/wp-content/uploads/Cavite.pdf
Philippine News Agency. (2018, July 12). Dasmariñas trade fair showcasing local products ends Friday.https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1041317
Politiko South Luzon. (2017, June 5). Keep the traditions alive: Mayor Pidi Barzaga heads ‘Sunduan’.https://southluzon.politiko.com.ph/2017/06/05/keep-traditions-alive-mayor-pidi-barzaga-heads-sunduan/social-snitch/
Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office of Cavite. (2015). Cavite PDRRM plan.https://wvphilippineshea.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/cavite-pdrrm-plan.pdf
PTV News. (2018, May 10). Dasma City bares screening of candidates for Sunduan 2018. https://ptvnews.ph/dasma-city-bares-screening-candidates-sunduan-2018/
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